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    A SURVEY OF TOXOCARA VITULORUM IN ANATOLIAN WATER BUFFALOES (BUBALIS BUBALIS) IN DIYARBAKIR, TURKEY
    (Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 2022) Çelik, Burçak Aslan; Çelik, Özgür Yaşar; Ayan, Adnan; Kilinç, Özlem Orunç; Ayan, Özge Oktay; Görmez, Gül
    Toxocara vitulorum is a pathogenic gastrointestinal nematode found in cattle and buffaloes all over the world, especially in tropical and subtropical regions with humid climates. Buffalo farming is a sector whose value has increased in recent years in Turkey and is intensively performed to obtain various products such as milk, cream, meat, and horns. This study aims to determine the prevalence of T. vitulorum in Anatolian Water Buffaloes in Diyarbakır. Fresh stool samples from animals were placed in individual stool containers. The sex and age of the animal were recorded for each sample collected. The samples were evaluated under the light microscope after the application of the Fulleborn saturated salt solution method and under Scanning Electron Microscope. Positivity was detected in 5 (3.01%) of the 166 samples. Regarding prevalence by age groups, T. vitulorum was detected in 10% of the 0-6 month group, 4.17% of the 6-12 month group, and 0.89% of the older than 12 months group. The prevalence by sex was determined as 3.85% for females and as 1.61% for males. To determine the epidemiology of the disease in the region, it was concluded that larger herds should be studied and serological and molecular methods should be used to confirm and support the findings of microscopic methods. © 2022, Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. All rights reserved.
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    A Survey on Prevalence of Toxocara vitulorum in Calves in Siirt
    (2022) Çelik, Burçak Aslan; Çelik, Özgür Yaşar; Ayan, Adnan; Ayan, Özge Oktay
    Toxocara genus has important risk for public health, and is a concern for both human and veterinary medicine. Toxocara vitulorum is the largest nematode for cattle and infests the small intestines of water buffalo, bison, and cattle living in tropical and subtropical regions with humid climates. The objective of the present study is to investigate the prevalence of Toxocara vitulorum in calves in Siirt province of Turkey. This study was carried out in the Siirt province, located in the Southeast Anatolian region. The animal material of the study consisted of a total of 100 calves of ages up to 6 months. Stool samples were collected directly from the rectum using disposable latex gloves, after which they were placed in individual stool containers. Samples brought to the laboratory were stored at +4 °C until analysis. Fülleborne's salty water flotation technique was applied to stool samples. The samples were then evaluated under a light microscope.As a result of the inspections, a positivity rate of 7% (7/100) was detected in the samples examined for Toxocara vitulorum by microscopic method. As a result of this study, the prevalence of the disease in Siirt province was revealed, and considering the losses caused by the infection, it was concluded that the disease should not be neglected. Farmers should be informed about the disease and appropriate treatment options for it.
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    Molecular Investigation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Ehrlichia canis in Dogs in Siirt, Türkiye
    (2022) Çelik, Burçak Aslan; Yılmaz, Ali Bilgin; Çelik, Özgür Yaşar; Ayan, Adnan; Kılınç, Özlem Orunç; Özdemir, Ramazan; Ayan, Özge Oktay
    Ehrlichia canis is the primary etiologic agent of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, a tick-transmitted disease of dogs. The aim of this study is to molecularly investigate the presence of E. canis and to reveal its prevalence in dogs in Siirt province. The animal material of the study is consisted of a total of 82 dogs. A region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of E. canis was targeted for PCR amplification. As a result of the conducted Nested-PCR, positivity was detected at the rate of 10.53% (4/38) in male dogs and 13.64% (6/44) in females, and Ehrlichia canis specific bands of size 389 bp were obtained in 10 (12.20%) dogs in total. The phylogenetic tree was constructed with the Maximum Likelihood (MCL) method, The nucleotide sequence was registered in the NCBI GenBank database with access numbers OK331365.1-OK331366. Early detection of the disease by means of hematological, serological, or molecular tests is very important in terms of prognosis. More studies should be performed to determine vector-disease relationships in this region about ticks that vector the disease.
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    MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF SOME BACTERIA (COXİELLA BURNETİİ, MYCOPLASMA HAEMOCANİS, CANDİDATUS MYCOPLASMA HAEMATOPARVUM, WOLBACHİA) IN RHIPICEPHALUS SANGUINEUS TICKS IN SIIRT PROVINCE, TURKEY
    (Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 2022) Çelik, Burçak Aslan; Çelik, Özgür Yaşar; Ayan, Adnan; Yilmaz, Ali Bilgin; Kilinç, Özlem Orunç; Şababoğlu, Ezgi; Ayan, Özge Oktay
    Ticks harbor the largest diversity of microorganisms, ranging from viruses, prokaryotes, and eukaryotes. Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks are the most common ticks worldwide. Although dogs are the main host of this tick species, it has been reported that it also infests humans in various parts of the world. This study aimed to examine some bacteria (Coxiella burnetii, Mycoplasma haemocanis, Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum, Wolbachia) in Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks sampled from dogs. In this study, 350 tick samples collected from 85 dogs in Siirt province were determined to be Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. Coxiella DNA was detected in 3 (0.85%) out of 350 ticks using Nested PCR (687 base pairs). None of the samples were found to contain Mycoplasma haemocanis, Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum, and Wolbachia DNA. A partial sequence of the IS1111 gene region was registered in GenBank with OM472143 accession numbers. Considering the zoonotic nature of the Q disease, it is very important for dog owners and related institutions to periodically spray animals against ticks, and to take any other necessary precautions. More samples are needed to determine the Mhc, CMhp, and Wolbachia prevalence. © 2022, Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. All rights reserved.
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    Molecular Survey of the Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in brain tissue of aborted fetuses of Morkaraman sheep in Muş, Türkiye
    (2023) Koca, Davut; Çelik, Burçak Aslan; Çelik, Özgür Yaşar; Ayan, Adnan; Kılınç, Özlem Orunç; Turgut, Ali Osman; Ayan, Özge Oktay
    Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are obligate intracellular protozoan parasites that can affect different warm-blooded species worldwide. In this study, it was aimed to detect T. gondii and N. caninum using PCR method in brain tissues of aborted sheep fetuses. Brain specimens were collected from 50 Morkaraman sheep fetuses that had undergone abortion at various stages of pregnancy, within the lambing seasons of 2023 in Muş. Approximately 1 cm³ of brain tissue from the right cerebral hemisphere was excised and subsequently frozen at -20°C for DNA extraction. DNA extraction and PCR amplification were then performed. As a result of this study, 11 (22%) of 50 brain tissues were positive. All brain samples examined in this study were negative for Neospora caninum. Based on the results of this study, it is possible to say that T. gondii is an important abortion agent in sheep in this region. Although N. caninum was not detected in this study, larger scale studies are recommended. Moreover, this study provides important information to breeders and veterinarians in the evaluation and management of abortion in the field.
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    Molecular Survey of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Aborted Fetuses of Sheep in the Iğdır Province of Türkiye
    (2023) Koca, Davut; Kılınç, Özlem Orunç; Ayan, Adnan; Oğuz, Fatma Ertaş; Turgut, Ali Osman; Ayan, Özge Oktay
    Toxoplasma gondii, an obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite, can infect a wide range of warm- blooded animals, including livestock species. T. gondii is a zoonotic protozoan parasite that affects both humans and other warm-blooded animals. The aim of this study was to detect T. gondii by using PCR in the brain tissues of 60 aborted sheep fetuses from the Iğdır Province in Türkiye. For this purpose, 60 brain tissue samples of sheep were collected within the lambing seasons of 2023 in Iğdır, Türkiye. The DNA extraction was performed using the PureLink™ Genomic DNA Mini Kit from brain samples. The PCR was performed with the appropriate primers from the obtained DNA samples. T. gondii was found in the brain (16.6%) samples of aborted sheep fetuses. According to the present study, T. gondii infection can be one of the causes of fetus abortion of sheep in Iğdır province, Türkiye. This result emphasizes the need for vigilance and preventive measures in managing this potential public and animal health concerns.