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Öğe Different physical activity guidelines and its association with socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics among working women(Gdansk Univ Physical Education & Sport, 2017) Can, Sema; Arslan, Ersan; Biernat, Elzbieta; Piatkowska, MonikaBackground Physical activity, supporting health, wellbeing and working ability, is not only vitally important for healthy people, but also necessary for workers, especially women. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between meeting different physical activity guidelines and socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics in middle-aged females from Turkey. Material/Methods Physical activity was assessed using the Sense Wear Armband. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between socio-demographic and anthropometric criteria and the odds of meeting different physical activity guidelines. Results All females achieved >= 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. With regard to vigorous physical activity, only 5% of women achieved >= 75 min/week. Among all studied socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics only the waist-to-hip rate and income differentiated odds for meeting the World Health Organization criterion. Conclusions Different percentages of subjects fulfill the pro-health criteria depending on the norm considered. We do need to identify the best criteria of PA to meet adequate health. It is crucial to take into account time, frequency and intensity of aerobic efforts but also in relation to energy expenditure related to resistance (anaerobic) and flexibility efforts while formulating physical activity guidelines.Öğe Effect of Coach Encouragement on the Psychophysiological and Performance Responses of Young Tennis Players(Mdpi, 2019) Kilit, Bulent; Arslan, Ersan; Akca, Firat; Aras, Dicle; Soylu, Yusuf; Clemente, Filipe Manuel; Nikolaidis, Pantelis TheodorosThis study aimed to compare the effects of coach encouragement during the on-court tennis training drills (OTDs) on the psychophysiological and performance responses of young tennis players. Twenty-five young male tennis players (14.0 +/- 0.3 years of age) performed six bouts of each of the four common OTDs; Star, Suicide, Box and Big X (30:60 s; 1:2 work to rest ratio). The heart rate (HR) and total distance covered were monitored using two portable multivariable integrated 10 Hz GPS monitoring devices during all OTDs, and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE-10) and short form Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) values were determined after each OTDs bout. The results demonstrated that OTDs with coach encouragement induced significantly higher psychophysiological and performance responses compared to OTDs without coach encouragement (p < 0.05). The results of this study confirm that coach encouragement improves the intensity, performance and physical enjoyment level during OTDs. These findings might inform training practices in youth tennis players in order to improve tennis performance.Öğe EFFECTS OF HIGH-INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING VS. ON-COURT TENNIS TRAINING IN YOUNG TENNIS PLAYERS(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2019) Kilit, Bulent; Arslan, ErsanThis study aimed to examine the effects of 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs. 6 weeks of on-court tennis training (OTT) on the psychophysiological responses, performance responses, and technical scores of young tennis players. Twenty-nine young male tennis players (aged 13.8 +/- 0.4 years) were divided into HIIT (n = 14) and OTT groups (n = 15). Both groups trained for the same total training duration with passive rest in each session. Pre-test and post-test included maximum oxygen consumption ((V)overdoto(2) max), sprinting, jumping, 400-m running time, a tennis-specific technical test, and the t-drill agility test. The training interventions resulted in similar improvements in (V)over doto(2) max responses (HIIT: +5.2%, d = 1.36 [large effect]; OTT: +5.5%, d = 1.50 [large effect]). Both training protocols increased jumping and sprinting performances significantly from pre-testing to post-testing (p < 0.05, d values ranging from 0.40 to 1.10). The OTT group showed significantly higher performance responses in terms of the agility test performance and technical scores (p < 0.05, d= ranging from 0.77 to 0.88 [moderate effect]) compared with the HIIT group. By contrast, the HIIT group exhibited significantly higher performance responses in terms of the 400-m running time (p < 0.05, d= 1.32 [large effect]). Our results showed that tennis-specific on-court drills might be a more effective training strategy to improve agility and technical ability with greater physical enjoyment, whereas HIIT may be more appropriate for speed-based conditioning in young tennis players.Öğe Effects of Passive and Active Rest on Physiological Responses and Time Motion Characteristics in Different Small Sided Soccer Games(Sciendo, 2017) Arslan, Ersan; Alemdaroglu, Utku; Koklu, Yusuf; Hazir, Tahir; Muniroglu, Surhat; Karakoc, BarisThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of resting regimes on physiological responses and time motion characteristics between bouts during small sided games (SSGs) in young soccer players. Sixteen players (average age 16.87 +/- 0.34 years; body height 176.69 +/- 3.21 cm; body mass 62.40 +/- 2.59 kg; training experience 3.75 +/- 0.44 years) performed four bouts 2-a-side, 3-a-side and 4-a-side games with three minutes active (SSGar: Running at 70% of HRmax) and passive (SSGpr) rest between bouts at two-day intervals. The heart rate (HR) along with total distance covered in different speed zones -walking (W, 0-6.9 km.h-1), low-intensity running (LIR, 7.0-12.9 km.h-1), moderate-intensity running (MIR, 13.0-17.9 km.h-1) and high-intensity running (HIR, >18km.h-1), were monitored during all SSGs, whereas the rating of perceived exertion (RPE, CR-20) and venous blood lactate (La-) were determined at the end of the last bout of each SSG. The results demonstrated that all SSGpr elicited significantly higher physiological responses compared to SSGar in terms of the RPE and La-(p < 0.05). In addition, 2-a-side SSGpr induced significantly lower % HRmax responses and total distance covered than 2-a-side SSGar (p < 0.05). Moreover, the distance covered at HIR was significantly higher in 4-a-side SSGar than 4-side SSGpr. The results of this study indicate that both SSGs with passive and active rest can be used for soccer specific aerobic endurance training. Furthermore, all SSGs with active recovery should be performed in order to increase players and teams' performance capacity for subsequent bouts.Öğe Effects of self-paced high-intensity interval training and moderate- intensity continuous training on the physical performance and psychophysiological responses in recreationally active young adults(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2021) Soylu, Yusuf; Arslan, Ersan; Sogut, Mustafa; Kilit, Bulent; Clemente, FilipeThis study aimed to compare the effects of 8-week self-paced high-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs. self-paced moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on the physical performance and psychophysiological responses of young adults. Twenty-eight recreationally active young adults (age: 21.1 +/- 1.6 years) were randomly assigned to either the self-paced HIIT (n = 14) or the MICT (n = 14) group training protocol. The HIIT consisted of two 12-24 x 30 seconds of high-intensity runs interspersed by 30 seconds of recovery. The MICT completed 24-48 minutes of continuous running. Before and after the 8-week interventions the following tests were completed: maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) estimated from the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (YYIRTL-1), repeated sprint ability (RSA), 10-30-m sprint test, change of direction test (T-drill), countermovement jump (CMI) and squat jump (Si), and triple hop distance test (THD). Training rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES) were assessed during the training programme. The HIIT resulted in greater improvement in YYIRTL-1, VO2max, RSA and T-drill performances compared to the MICT. Furthermore, RPE and PACES values were higher in the HIIT than the MICT. This study suggested that self-paced HIIT may be a more effective training regime to improve aerobic fitness with greater physical enjoyment in recreationally active young adults.Öğe Four-week of local electromyostimulaiton training on fingerboard increases the isokinetic wrist strength and endurance(Iermakov S S, 2020) Aras, Dicle; Gul, Selcuk; Akca, Firat; Gulu, Mehmet; Guler, Ozkan; Bildircin, Cemil C.; Arslan, ErsanPurpose: Electromyostimulaiton (EMS) has been used for both physical therapy and strength improvements for a few decades. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a four-week local-EMS training performed on a fingerboard (FT) in wrist strength and endurance. Material: Sixteen physically active, non-climber students were divided into EMS+FT and FT groups. Each group performed the same training program about 25 min a day, 3 days a week for four weeks. The EMS+FT implementation was performed with a signal width of 260 ms and a frequency of 60 Hz. Before and after training, isokinetic measurements were collected. The parameters used in the research during flexion and extension at 60 and 180 degrees/sec were; PeakTorque (PT), PeakTorque/Body Weight (PT/BW), and Average Power (AP). Results: The EMS+FT group showed statistically significant alterations in all of the parameters (p<0.01 and p<0.05) except in the left wrist AP during flexion and extension at 180 degrees/sec. However, the FT group showed significant changes in only wright wrist AP during extension at 60 degrees/sec, and wright and left wrist AP during flexion at 180 degrees/sec, and left wrist PT during extension at 180 degrees/sec. Conclusions: Accordingly, it could be inferred that FT done by using EMS for four weeks improve the isokinetic wrist strength and endurance significantly. Muscular fitness has an essential role in climbing performance, and this study points that EMS trainings on fingerboard could be used to enhance the climbing performance.Öğe MULTI-INSTRUMENT ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN FEMALE OFFICE WORKERS(Nofer Inst Occupational Medicine, Poland, 2016) Can, Sema; Gunduz, Nevin; Arslan, Ersan; Biernat, Elzbieta; Ersoz, Gulfem; Kilit, BulentObjectives: The aim of this study was to examine the multi-instrument assessment of physical activity in female office workers. Material and Methods: Fifty healthy women (age (mean +/- standard deviation): 34.8 +/- 5.9 years, body height: 158 +/- 0.4 cm, body weight: 61.8 +/- 7.5 kg, body mass index: 24.6 +/- 2.7 kg/m(2)) workers from the same workplace volunteered to participate in the study. Physical activity was measured with the 7-day Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire (7-d PAAQ), an objective multi-sensor armband tool, and also a waist-mounted pedometer, which were both worn for 7 days. Results: A significant correlation between step numbers measured by armband and pedometer was observed (r = 0.735), but the step numbers measured by these 2 methods were significantly different (10 941 +/- 2236 steps/day and 9170 +/- 2377 steps/day, respectively; p < 0.001). There was a weak correlation between the value of 7-d PAAQ total energy expenditure and the value of armband total energy expenditure (r = 0.394, p = 0.005). However, total energy expenditure values measured by armband and 7-d PAAQ were not significantly different (2081 +/- 370 kcal/day and 2084 +/- 197 kcal/day, respectively; p = 0.96). In addition, physical activity levels (average daily metabolic equivalents (MET)) measured by armband and 7-d PAAQ were not significantly different (1.45 +/- 0.12 MET/day and 1.47 +/- 0.24 MET/day, respectively; p = 0.44). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the correlation between pedometer and armband measurements was higher than that between armband measurements and 7-d PAAQ self-reports. Our results suggest that none of the assessment methods examined here, 7-d PAAQ, pedometer, or armband, is sufficient when used as a single tool for physical activity level determination. Therefore, multi-instrument assessment methods are preferable.Öğe Physical Activity Measurement By SWA in Employees: Weekdays And Weekend(Projack, 2017) Can, Sema; Karaca, Ayda; Arslan, Ersan; Biernat, ElzbietaIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to identify the levels of physical activity level during the weekdays and weekend both female and male employees. Method: A total of 58 volunteer employees participated in this study of which 20 were male (M-age 32.50 +/- 8.82) and 38 were female (M-age 34.24 +/- 6.25). Anthropometric measurements were performed after an overnight fast for each participant. After anthropometric measurements, daily physical activity levels were measured continuously with the Sense Wear Armband (BodyMedia, USA) monitor, worn on the dominant arm triceps muscle on free-living individuals for a during of seven days. Whether the number of steps, physical activity level (PAL) and inactivity time change depending on the days of the week and the gender was calculated in repetitive measurements with one-way analysis of variance. For globosity variance validity, Mauchly's test was used. For the variables which cannot be replaced for globosity variance, Greenhouse-Geisser test was used. Results: According to daily step numbers, women are slight active and men are active (9479 3468; 11338 +/- 3297 step/day respectively) (p>0.05). Daily mean PAL is on sedentary/light level both for women and men (1.55 +/- 0.19; 1.61 +/- 0.28 kcal.kg(-1).hr(-1) respectively) (p>0.05). According to days of the week, a statistical difference was found between the daily step numbers in men and women (p<0.05). While there was a statistically significant difference in PAL averages among women (p<0.05), there was no statistical difference in men (p>0.05). While PAL value was the highest in weekdays and lowest on Sunday for both genders, the day with the longest inactivity time was found to be Sunday. Women's daily mean inactivity time was founder to be longer than men (1264 +/- 69; 1205 +/- 107 min.day(-1) respectively) (p>0.05). Conclusion: Both men and women take more than 10000 steps only in weekdays. PAL of both women and men in weekdays and weekend is at sedentary/light activity level. The most active days for both genders are in weekdays, while Sunday is the least active day.Öğe Physiological Responses and Match Characteristics in Professional Tennis Players During a One-Hour Simulated Tennis Match(Sciendo, 2016) Kilit, Bulent; Senel, Omer; Arslan, Ersan; Can, SemaThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of serve and return game situations on physiological responses and match characteristics in professional male tennis players during one hour-long simulated singles tennis matches. Ten internationally ranked tennis players (age 22.2 +/- 2.8 years; body height 180.7 +/- 4.4 cm; body mass 75.9 +/- 8.9 kg) participated in this study. Their physiological responses were measured using two portable analyzers during indoor hard court matches. Ratings of perceived exertion were also determined at the end of the game. The variables describing the characteristics of the matches determined from video recordings were: (a) duration of rallies; (b) rest time; (c) work-to-rest ratio; (d) effective playing time; and (d) strokes per rally. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between serving and returning conditions in an hour-long simulated singles tennis match in terms of oxygen uptake, a heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, pulmonary ventilation, respiration frequency and a respiratory gas exchange ratio. In addition, both the heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion responses were moderately correlated with the duration of rallies and strokes per rally (r = 0.60 to 0.26; p<0.05). Taken together, these results indicate that the serve game situation has a significant effect on the physiological response in an hour-long simulated tennis match between professional male tennis players. These findings might be used for the physiological adaptations required for tennis-specific aerobic endurance.Öğe Physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of young tennis players: comparison of serve vs. return games and winners vs. losers matches(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Kilit, Bulent; Arslan, ErsanThe aim of this study was to compare the physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of young tennis players between serve vs. return games and winners vs. losers matches during simulated tennis match play. Heart rate (HR) and skin temperature (ST) were monitored along with total distance covered in four different speed zoneswalking, low-intensity running, moderate-intensity running and high-intensity running, using two portable multivariable integrated 10Hz GPS monitoring devices over fourteen outdoor clay court matches; ratings of perceived exertion were also determined at the end of the game. Variables describing the characteristics of the matches determined from video recordings were: strokes per rally, rally duration, effective playing time, work-to-rest ratio and rest time between rallies. The results showed no significant differences in physiological responses and time-motion characteristics both serve vs. return games and winners vs. losers matches (p>.05). These findings might be used for the training programmes in order to improve the tennis-specific technical and performance required for young tennis players.Öğe Playing tennis matches on clay court surfaces are associated with more perceived enjoyment response but less perceived exertion compared to hard courts(Univ Palackeho & Olomouci, Fak Telesne Kultury, 2018) Kilit, Bulent; Arslan, ErsanBackground: A few studies have shown that different types of court surfaces can have different effects on tennis match performance in different age groups, however, no studies have researched on tennis match performance responses in young tennis players. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different court surfaces on psychophysiological responses, time-motion and match characteristics of young tennis players. Methods: Twenty-six young male tennis players (age 13.0 +/- 0.3 years, body height 158 +/- 8 cm, body mass 48 +/- 7 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. Heart rate was monitored along with total distance covered in four different speed zoneswalking, low-intensity running, moderate-intensity running and high-intensity running, using two portable multivariable integrated 10 Hz GPS monitoring devices over twenty-six outdoor tennis matches; ratings of perceived exertion and enjoyment level were also determined at the end of the matches. Variables describing the characteristics of the matches determined from video recordings were: strokes per rally, rally duration, effective playing time, work-to-rest ratio and rest time between rallies. Differences between hard and clay courts were assessed by a paired t-test. Results: The results showed that clay court surfaces induced significantly more perceived enjoyment scores (29.4 +/- 2.8 vs. 26.0 +/- 3.2) with lower perceived exertion level (13.4 +/- 2.7 vs. 14.4 +/- 2.9) compared to hard courts. Moreover, a clay court surface is also more effective at improving physiological responses, time-motion and match characteristics compared to hard court. Conclusions: If a coach strives to improve their young tennis players' tennis-specific performance with greater physical enjoyment, clay court surfaces should be specially used in their tennis training season.Öğe Running-based high-intensity interval training vs. small-sided game training programs: effects on the physical performance, psychophysiological responses and technical skills in young soccer players(Inst Sport, 2020) Arslan, Ersan; Orer, Gamze Erikoglu; Clemente, Filipe ManuelThis study aimed to compare the effects of 5-week running-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs. small-sided game training (SSG) on the physical performance, psychophysiological responses and technical skills in young soccer players. Twenty young male soccer players (age: 14.2 +/- 0.5 years, height: 161.8 +/- 7.9 cm) participated in this study and were assigned to two groups: the HIIT group (n=10) and SSG group (n=10). Both groups trained twice per week with a similar total training duration. The SSG consisted of two 5-9 minutes of 2-a-side with 2-minute passive rest periods, whereas the HIIT consisted of 12-20 minutes of continuous runs at intensities (90 to 95%) related to the velocity obtained in the 30-15 intermittent fitness test. Before and after the 5-week training periods the following tests were completed: maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) from the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (YYIRTL-1), 10-30-m sprint test, countermovement jump [CMJJ, squat jump (SA and drop jump [DA, 1000-m run test, zigzag agility, repeated sprint ability, 30-15 intermittent fitness test and speed dribbling ability test. Our results revealed meaningful improvements in YYIRTL-1 performance (SSG: +12.8%, standardized effect size [d]=-1.46; HIIT: +16.4%, d=3.27 and VO2max(SSG: +3.3%, d=-1.48; HIIT: +4.3%, d=2.61). There was a meaningful greater improvement in agility and technical test performances following the SSG training compared with the HIIT (p <= 0.05, d= ranging from 0.92 to 1.99). By contrast, the HIIT group showed meaningfully higher performance responses in terms of the 1000-m running time and repeated sprint test ability (p 0.05, d=ranging from 0.90 to 2.06). These results confirmed that SSG training might be a more effective training regime to improve technical ability and agility with greater enjoyment, whereas HIIT might be more suitable for speed-based conditioning in young soccer players.Öğe Short-term effects of on-field combined core strength and small-sided games training on physical performance in young soccer players(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2021) Arslan, Ersan; Soylu, Yusuf; Clemente, Filipe Manuel; Hazir, Tahir; Isler, Ayse Kin; Kilit, BulentThis study aimed to compare the effects of 6-weeks combined core strength and small-sided games training (SSG(core)) vs. small-sided games (SSG) training on the physical performance of young soccer players. Thirty-eight amateur soccer players (age: 16.50 +/- 0.51 years) were randomly assigned to either a SSG(core) (n = 20) or a SSG group (n = 18). The SSG(core) group performed upper and lower body core strength exercises combined with SSG including 2-, 3- and 4-a-sided soccer games third a week. The SSG group performed only the SSG periodization. Baseline and after the 6-week training period the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (YYIRTL-1), 5-20-m sprint test, countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (Si), triple-hop distance (THD), zigzag agility with ball (ZAWB) and without ball (ZAWOB), three corner run test (TCRT) and Y-balance test. The SSG core group demonstrated meaningful improvements in 20 m sprint time (SSG(core) : -9.1%, d = 1.42; SSG: -4.4%, d = 0.76), CMJ (SSG(core): 11.4%, d = 2.67; SSG: -7.7%, d = 1.43), SJ (SSG(core) : 12.0%, d = 2.14; SSG: 5.7%, d = 1.28), THD (SSG(core): 5.0%, d = 1.39; SSG: 2.7%, d = 0.52) and TCRT (SSG(core): -3.7%, d = 0.69; SSG: -1.9%, d= 0.38). Furthermore, the SSG(core) group demonstrated meaningfully higher improvement responses in both leg balance score (d = ranging from 2.11 to 2.75) compared with SSG group. These results suggest that the inclusion of core strength training to a SSG periodization is greatly effective to improve speed and strength-based conditioning in young soccer players.Öğe The effects of congested fixture periods on distance-based workload indices: A full-season study in professional soccer players(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2021) Clemente, Filipe Manuel; Silva, Rui; Arslan, Ersan; Aquino, Rodrigo; Castillo, Daniel; Mendes, BrunoThe aim of this study was to compare distance-based workload indices during congested fixture periods among different levels of participation in matches. Nineteen elite professional male players (age: 26.5 +/- 4.3 years) from a European First League team were monitored daily over a full season using global positioning measurements. Distance-based measures (total distance, high-intensity running, high-speed running distance, and number of sprints) were collected daily. The following workload indices were calculated weekly: (i) acute load; (ii) acute : chronic workload ratio; (iii) training monotony; and (iv) training strain. During the season, seven congested weeks were selected. The participation levels of the players were categorized as starting in three matches (S3M), two matches (S2M), or one match (S1M) in the same week. Comparisons of the workload indices between levels of participation revealed that the acute load of total distance was significantly greater for S2M than S1M (+27%) and for S3M than for S1M (+30%). Moreover, the acute load of high-speed running was significantly greater for S2M than for S1M (+79%) and for S3M than for S1M (+60%). The acute load of high-intensity running was also significantly greater for S2M than for S1M (+54%) and for S3M than for S1M (+67%). This study revealed that acute load and training strain were meaningfully greater for S2M and S3M than S1M, although no significant differences were found between S1M, S2M, and S3M for the overall distance measures in terms of acute : chronic workload ratio and training monotony.Öğe The effects of six-week slow, controlled breathing exercises on heart rate variability in physically active, healthy individuals(Iermakov S S, 2021) Surucu, Cihan Erdem; Guner, Sarp; Cuce, Caner; Aras, Dicle; Akca, Firat; Arslan, Ersan; Birol, AbdulkadirPurpose: Heart rate variability (HRV) provides information about sympathetic-parasympathetic balance. The effects of different types of physical exercises on HRV have been investigated so far. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the chronic effects of six-week slow and controlled breathing exercise on HRV in physically active, healthy adults. Material: A total of 22 individuals (11 female, 11 male) participated in the study voluntarily. The experimental group (EG) attended to the breathing exercises for 15 minutes per day, three days a week for six weeks. Neither the EG nor the control group (CG) did join in any regular physical activity program during the study. Both groups participated in the HRV measurements before and after the six-week of process. Results: Only the EG showed statistically significant changes in some HRV parameters. The alterations observed in LF:HF ratio, HFnu, and LFnu parameters were to reflect the increase in parasympathetic activity. Although the changes in the other parameters of HRV such as SDNN, SDSD, RMSSD, TP, HF, LF, and VLF were also related to increased vagal activity, these alterations were not significant. However, no significant change was found in the CG. Conclusions: These results show that only the slow, controlled breathing exercises for six weeks could be used to improve parasympathetic activity in physically active individuals. A study could be designed where the duration is kept over 8 weeks, and the effects of physical exercises only, breathing exercises only, and physical + breathing exercises together on HRV are examined.Öğe TIME-MOTION CHARACTERISTICS, NOTATIONAL ANALYSIS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL DEMANDS OF TENNIS MATCH PLAY: A REVIEW(Drustvo Pedagoga Tjelesne & Zdravstvene Kulture, 2018) Kilit, Bulent; Arslan, Ersan; Soylu, YusufTennis is a sport characterized by a combination of physical actions such as running at different speeds, acceleration, turns, strokes and game-specific actions. In this regard, competitive tennis players require not only well-developed aerobic endurance and anaerobic capacity, but also technical and tactical skills to achieve high levels of performance during training and matches. The aim of this review was to investigate the demands of competitive tennis match play in terms of physiological responses, time-motion characteristics and match analysis. Three sport science journal databases PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge and SPORT Discus were screened for papers published until May 2018. The following keywords were used in various combinations with tennis: notational analysis, physiological demands, simulated match, time-motion, and match characteristic. In this review, studies had to meet follow inclusion criteria: cross sectional or longitudinal design, case control studies, or experimental studies electronically published in English. All studies demonstrated high methodological quality. This review presents a useful synthesis of all research into match performance in tennis, including the investigation of the internal and external load of the tennis match play and helps to guide for future research.
