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Öğe Effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharides Addition to Japanese Quail’s Diets on Growth, Carcass Traits, Liver and Intestinal Histology, and Intestinal Microflora(Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2015) TUFAN, TUNCAY; Arslan, Cavit; Sarı, Mehmet; Önk, Kadir; Deprem, Turgay; Çelik, ElifThis research was conducted to determine effects of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) addition to quail diets on growth, carcass traits, liver and intestinal histology, and intestinal microflora. Two hundred forty Japanese quail chicks were distributed among three treatments groups, with four replicates. A group was fed with a basal starter diet for 1-21th and a grower diet for 22-42th days (Control). The experimental groups were fed the same diets, in addition to 75 mg/kg (Trial I) or 150 mg/kg (Trial II) of COS. The final live weights of the quails in the Control and Trial I groups were higher than in the Trial II group. There were no differences among the groups in gain, feed intake, feed conversion, and carcass traits. Steatosis in the Trial II group was less than in the Control and Trial I groups. Crypt depth and villus length were higher in the Trial II group than in the other groups. The number of bacteria and yeast in the intestine were lower in the Trial I and II groups than in the Control group. In conclusion, the addition of 75 mg/ kg of COS had no adverse effect on the tested parameters, and it increased the crypt depth, villus length, and beneficially on intestinal microflora.Öğe Effects of chitosan oligosaccharides and L-carnitine individually or concurrent supplementation for diets on growth performance, carcass traits and serum composition of broiler chickens(Revue de Medecıne Veterınaıre, 2018) Arslan, Cavit; Tufan, TuncayThis study was conducted to determine effects of dietary indivudually or dually supplementation of chitosan oligosacchacarides (COS) and L-carnitine to diet on growth performance, carcass traits and serum compositions of broiler chickens. A total of 320-day old broiler chicks were used in the study, and the chicks were divided into the following 4 main groups: Basal diet (control); basal diet+100 mg/kg COS (COS); basal diet+100 mg/kg L-carnitine (carnitine); and basal diet+100 mg/kg COS+100 mg/kg L-carnitine (COS+carnitine). Additionally, each of the main groups was divided into 4 subgroups of 20 chickens each. The study lasted for d 42. There were no differences on body weight, feed intake and feed convertion of birds overall the study. There were no differences on slaughter body weight, carcass weight, carcass ratio and breast, leg and wing ratio to carcass weight. Abdominal fat percentage in COS, carnitine and COS+carnitine was lower than the control group. Liver relative weight in COS and control group was higher than carnitine and COS+carnitine group. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL, total protein and albumin concentrations were not differ among groups. In conclusion, COS, carnitine and COS+carnitine supplementation to broiler diets did not affect growth performance, carcass traits and serum parameters, while carnitine and COS+carnitine can be use due to decreased abdominal fat and liver ratio in broilers.Öğe Effects of feeding by hay, grass silage and corn silage on growth performance, rumen fluid and blood serum parameters in beef cattle(Revue de Medecıne Veterınaıre, 2016) Tufan, Tuncay; Arslan, Cavit; Önk, Kadir; Sarı, Mehmet; Tilki, MuammerThe study was conducted to determine the use of hay, grass silage, corn silage and grass silage+corn silage as roughage sources on growth performance, some rumen and blood serum parameters in beef cattle. A total of 24 Simmental beef cattle (12 male, 12 female), 9 or 10 months age, which were initially 142.4 kg live weight, were used in this study. The animals were divided into four treatment groups each consisting of 6 cattle (3 male, 3 female). All animals in the groups were fed with 2888 g for 0-21 d, 3813 g for 22-42 d and 5177 g for 43-63 d concentrated feed. In addition to the concentrated feed, one of the following roughage source hay, grass silage, corn silage or grass silage+corn silage (50:50) were given ad libitum to animals in each group. Animals were fed by group basis. At the 63 d of the study, rumen fluid and blood serum samples were taken from the animals. Final live weights of the animals did not affect. Average daily weight gains of the cattle in the overall study were no statistical differences among the groups. The roughage sources did not affect rumen fluid pH, NH3 N, acetic-, propionic- and butyric acid concentrations of beef cattle. The roughage sources did not also affect serum glucose, total protein and albumin concentration of animals. Consequently, it is concluded that mentioned roughage sources could be preferred as alone or grass silage+corn silage combination in feeding of beef cattle after economic analyses of these feedstuffs.Öğe Effects of molasses, barley, oak tannins extracts and previously fermented juice addition on silage characteristics, in vitro organic matter digestibility and metabolisable energy content of grass silage(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2020) Arslan, Cavit; Tufan, Tuncay; Avci, Mehmet; Kaplan, Oktay; Uyarlar, CangirThis study was carried out to evaluate molasses (M), barley (B), oak tannins extracts (OTE) or previously fermented juice (PFJ) addition as silage additives on nutrient contents, fermentation characteristics, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), metabolisable energy (ME), methane (CH4) and ammonia N (NH3-N) production of grass silage. The M, B, OTE added 25 or 50 mg/kg, and PFJ 7.5 or 15 ml/kg to silage for compare to nothing added Control silage. Organic matter content was higher in Control silage than 50 g/kg M added silage. Addition of 25 and 50 g/kg OTE, or 15 ml/kg PFJ to silages decreased crude protein contents as compared to Control silage. Addition of 25 and 50 g/kg M or B, and 50 g/kg OTE decreased pH of silages as compared to 25 g/kg OTE and, 7.5 and 15 ml/kg PFJ added silages. Addition of 25 and 50 M or B, and 50 g/kg OTE increased lactic acid concentration as compared to other silages. Addition of 25 and 50 g/kg M increased IVOMD, CH4 and ME of silages as compared to other silages (except for GS + 50 g/kg B for ME). Generally, OTE or PFJ addition induced a decrease IVOMD, ME and CH4 production. Addition of 25 or 50 mg/kg OTE and 25 g/kg M increased NH3-N concentration as compared to 25 g/kg B added silage. In conclusion, the study showed that adding of M improved fermentative quality, OMD, and ME values of pasture grass silage, and the second most effective silage additive was B, but addition of OTE and PFJ have little effect on improving the silage quality as compared to Control silage. © 2020 Parlar Scientific Publications. All rights reserved.Öğe EFFECTS OF MOLASSES, BARLEY, OAK TANNINS EXTRACTS AND PREVIOUSLY FERMENTED JUICE ADDITION ON SILAGE CHARACTERISTICS, IN VITRO ORGANIC MATTER DIGESTIBILITY AND METABOLISABLE ENERGY CONTENT OF GRASS SILAGE(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Arslan, Cavit; Tufan, Tuncay; Avci, Mehmet; Kaplan, Oktay; Uyarlar, CangirThis study was carried out to evaluate molasses (M), barley (B), oak tannins extracts (OTE) or previously fermented juice (PFJ) addition as silage additives on nutrient contents, fermentation characteristics, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), metabolisable energy (ME), methane (CH4) and ammonia N (NH3-N) production of grass silage. The M, B, OTE added 25 or 50 mg/kg, and PFJ 7.5 or 15 ml/kg to silage for compare to nothing added Control silage. Organic matter content was higher in Control silage than 50 g/kg M added silage. Addition of 25 and 50 g/kg OTE, or 15 ml/kg PFJ to silages decreased crude protein contents as compared to Control silage. Addition of 25 and 50 g/kg M or B, and 50 g/kg OTE decreased pH of silages as compared to 25 g/kg OTE and, 7.5 and 15 ml/kg PFJ added silages. Addition of 25 and 50 M or B, and 50 g/kg OTE increased lactic acid concentration as compared to other silages. Addition of 25 and 50 g/kg M increased IVOMD, CH4 and ME of silages as compared to other silages (except for GS + 50 g/kg B for ME). Generally, OTE or PFJ addition induced a decrease IVOMD, ME and CH4 production. Addition of 25 or 50 mg/kg OTE and 25 g/kg M increased NH3-N concentration as compared to 25 g/kg B added silage. In conclusion, the study showed that adding of M improved fermentative quality, OMD, and ME values of pasture grass silage, and the second most effective silage additive was B, but addition of OTE and PFJ have little effect on improving the silage quality as compared to Control silage.Öğe Effects of Raw Egg Addition to Milk at Suckling Period on Growth Performance, Concentration of Serum IgG and Some Blood Parameters in Calf(2016) Tufan, Tuncay; Nayir, Mehmet; Arslan, CavitBu araştırma süt emen buzağıların sütlerine çiğ yumurta ilavesinin besi performansı, serum IgG ve bazı kan parametrelerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Araştırmada bir günlük yaşta 16 adet Holştayn ırkı erkek buzağı kullanıldı. Buzağılar canlı ağırlık ortalamaları birbirine yakın olacak şekilde iki gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubundaki buzağılar 59 gün süren araştırma süresince canlı ağırlıklarının % 10'u kadar normal inek sütü ile günde 2 öğün (sabah 08:00, akşam 18:00) halinde beslendi. Deneme grubundaki buzağılar kontrol grubu ile aynı şekilde beslendi, bunun yanında her öğünde sütlerine 1 adet çiğyumurta ilave edildi. Buzağıların canlı ağırlıkları iki haftalık aralıklarla belirlendi. Serum IgG ve serum parametrelerini belirlemek amacıyla araştırma bitimi olan 59. gündekan örnekleri alındı. Araştırma sonu itibariyle; canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma oranı bakımından gruplar arasında istatistiksel bir farklılık görülmedi. Deneme grubunun serum IgG konsantrasyonu kontrol grubundan önemli derecede yüksek bulundu (p<0.01). Serum total kolesterol, trigliserit, HDL, LDL, VLDL ve total protein konsantrasyonları gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak farklılık göstermedi. Sonuç olarak; buzağı sütüne çiğ yumurta ilavesinin besi performansını, serum lipit metabolizması ürünlerini ve total protein miktarını değiştirmediği, buna karşın immun sistemi güçlendirdiği kanaatine ulaşıldı.Öğe Effects of Terebinth (Pistacia terebinthus L.) Fruit Oil Supplementation to Diets on Fattening Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Blood Parameters and Breast Meat Fatty Acid Composition in Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica)(Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2017) Tufan, Tuncay; Arslan, Cavit; Daş, AydınThe objective of this study was to determine effects of terebinth fruit oil (TFO) supplementation to diet on growth performance, carcass characteristics, some blood parameters and composition of breast meat fatty acids in Japanese quails. Totally 240 unsexed daily Japanese quail chicks were assigned randomly to three treatment groups. Each group divided into 4 replicates, each containing 20 birds. A group was fed with basal starter diet for 1-21th days and grower diet for 22-42th days (Control). Treatment groups were also fed same diets additionally their ration added by 130 (Group A) or 260 mg/kg TFO (Group B) during the study. At 42 d of study, 20 quails (5 quails from each subgroup) from each group slaughtered for determination of carcass traits, blood parameters and fatty acid composition of breast meat. As a result of this study, final live weight of quails in Group B was found higher than Control and Group A (P<0.05). There were no differences on the average live weight gains of the birds among the groups. Average feed intake in Group A was found lower than Control and Group B on basis of whole study period (P<0.05). Average feed conversion ratio in Group A was found better than Control on basis of whole study period (P<0.05). Carcass weight in Group B was found higher than Group A (P<0.05). There were no differences on carcass yield and breast-, leg-, wing-, heart-, liver- and gizzard ratio to carcass weights of the birds in all groups. Serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, aspartate amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin and globulin did not differ among the groups. There were no differences on composition of breast meat fatty acid profiles. In conclusion, due to supplementation of 260 mg/kg TFO enhanced live weight and carcassÖğe GDO’ların üretim amaçları ve hayvan beslemede kullanımı(Turkiye Klinikleri Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases-Special Topics, 5(2), 20-31., 2019) Arslan, Cavit; Tufan, TuncayBu derlemede genetik olarak değiştirilmiş organizma (GDO)’lı ürünlerin yetiştirilme amaçları, besinsel içeriği, yemlerdeki DNA’nın stabilitesi, hayvan beslemede kullanımı, organizmadaki akibeti ve geleceğe yönelik değerlendirmeler hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.Öğe Kars İlindeki Süt İneklerinin Kış Dönemindeki Besleme İlkeleri(2018) Arslan, Cavit; Tufan, TuncayBu araştırma, Kars ilindeki süt ineklerinin kış dönemindeki besleme ilkelerini belirlemek amacıyla anket çalışması şeklindeyapıldı. Bu amaçla, Kars il merkezi ve ilçelerinde süt sığırı işletmecileri ile yüz yüze anketler yapıldı. Yapılan anketlerin 10 tanesiKars il merkezindeki süt ineği işletmecisi ile geri kalanları ise Kars'ın Susuz, Arpaçay, Akyaka, Selim, Sarıkamış, Kağızman veDigor ilçelerinde (her bir ilçede 5 adet) olmak üzere toplam 45 adet süt ineği işletmecisiyle yüz yüze gerçekleştirildi. Bu çalışmasonucunda; Kars ilinde kış aylarında yapılan süt ineği besisinde en fazla kullanılan kaba yemlerin saman, çayır kuru otu vekorunga, konsantre yemlerin ise arpa kırması ve sığır süt yemi olduğu belirlendi. İşletmelerin tamamının konsantre yemverdiği, kaba ve konsantre yemlerin karıştırılarak verildiği tespit edildi. Süt ineklerinin %44 oranında 2 öğün, %48 oranında 3öğünde beslendiği, %78 oranında ise 2 öğün halinde sulandığı belirlendi. İşletmelerin tümünde tuz kullanıldığı, fakat vitaminmineral yalama bloğu kullanılmadığı tespit edildi. Süt ineği işletmelerinin hayvanlarını beslerken teknik personelden destekalmadığı belirlendi. Kış mevsimi beslemelerinde indigesyon, ishal ve timpani gibi sindirim sistemi rahatsızlıklarının nadirengörülme sıklığının %50, pikanın nadiren görülme sıklığının %70 olduğu tespit edildi. Besleme ile ilgili en önemli probleminyemlerin pahalı olması olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç olarak; Kars ilindeki süt ineği işletmelerinin geleneksel yöntemle beslemeyöntemlerine bağlı olarak süt ineklerini besledikleri, besleme konusunda ciddi problemlerle karşılaşmadıkları, fakat özelliklevitamin-mineral yetersizliklerinin olabileceği, yetiştiricilerin küçük yönlendirme tavsiyeleriyle hayvanlarını daha yeterli vedengeli bir şekilde besleyebilecekleri kanaatine ulaşıldı.
