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Öğe Enhancing drought tolerance in camelina sativa l. And canola (brassica napus l.) through application of selenium(Pakistan Botanical Society, 2020) Ahmad, Zahoor; Waraich, Ejaz Ahmad; Barutçular, Celaleddin; Alharby, Hesham; Bamagoos, Atif; Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Öztürk, FerhatConsidering the burning issue the present study was undertaken in pot culture at the Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies (CIDS), The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan for enhancing drought tolerance in two oilseed crops (OC) crops camelina (Camelina sativa L.) and canola (Canola napus L.) through improving physiological, biochemical, and antioxidants activity by foliar application of selenium (Se) under drought stress. Two Camelina (i.e., ‘Australian Camelina’ and ‘Canadian Camelina’) and canola genotypes (i.e., ‘AARI Canola’ and ‘UAF Canola’) were used as plant materials during the growing season of 2016. Both Camelina and Canola genotypes were grown under normal (100% FC) and water deficit (drought stress) (40% FC) conditions. Four levels of Se: such as seeds priming with 75?M Se, foliar application of Se at 7.06 ?M and foliar Se in combination with seeds priming (7.06 ?M & 75?M) along with control were applied at the vegetative stage of both OC crops for screening drought tolerant genotypes. All treatments were arranged three times in a randomized complete block design. Both OC crops were grown upto the maturity and data on physiochemical, antioxidants and yield components were recorded during this study. Results of the present study indicated that the physio-biochemical parameters such as WP (water potential), OP (osmotic potential), TP (turgor pressure), proline, TSS (total soluble sugar), TFAA (total free amino acids), TPr (total proteins) and TS (total sugars); and total chlorophyll contents were improved by foliar application Se along with seed priming by Se in both OC crops in both drought stress and non-stress (control) conditions. Similarly, osmoprotectants such as GB (Glycinebetaine), anthocyanin, TPC (total phenolic contents) and flavonoids; as well as antioxidants such as APX (ascorbate peroxidase), SOD (superoxide dismutase), POD (peroxidase) and CAT (catalase) were also showed better enhancement in both OC crops through foliar application in combination with seed priming with Se (7.06 ?M & 75?M) under normal as well as water deficit (drought) conditions. Yield and its components i.e., branches plant-1 (no.), 1000-seed weight (g), seed and biological yield (t ha-1) of both OC crops were increased through foliar application in combination with seed priming by Se (7.06 ?M & 75?M) under drought and non-drought stress conditions. Both camelina and Canola genotypes categorized based on all the above-mentioned parameters under the water deficit (drought stress) condition and foliar application of Se, the genotype ‘Canadian Camelina’ maintained the highest values for all these attributes. Therefore, it is revealed that foliar application in combination with seed priming by Se helps to improve drought tolerance of OC crops and also leads to an increase in the productivity of crops under drought stress. Among the genotypes, ‘Canadian Camelina’ performed the best when seeds of the genotypes were primed with Se in combination with foliar application of Se at the vegetative stage. © 2020, Pakistan Botanical Society. All rights reserved.Öğe FOLIAGE APPLIED SILICON AMELIORATES DROUGHT STRESS THROUGH PHYSIO-MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS, OSMOPROTECTANTS AND ANTIOXIDANT METABOLISM OF CAMELINA (Camelina sativa L.) GENOTYPES(Univ Life Sciences Lublin, 2021) Ahmad, Zahoor; Warraich, Ejaz Ahmad; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Barutcular, Celaleddin; Alharby, Hesham; Bamagoos, Atif; Cig, FatihSilicon (Si) is one of the best plant defense elements against the biotic and abiotic stresses. Camelina plants accumulate Si which serves in protection against drought stress. The present study was conducted to inves-tigate the impact of different doses of foliage applied Si (0, 3, 6 and 9 mM) under water stress (40% field capacity, FC) and non-stress conditions (100% FC) on camelina genotypes (Canadian and Australian). The imposed drought drastically decreased the growth parameters like root-shoot length and plant fresh and dry weight and also had negative impact on the chlorophyll content along with water relation attributes (water potential, osmotic potential and turgor pressure). In contrast, total free amino acids, total soluble proteins, proline and antioxidants such as ascorbic peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were enhanced especially in water stressed Canadian genotype, while osmoprotectants (flavonoids, anthocyanins and glycinebetaine) and phenolics contents were decreased. On the other hand, the foliar application of Si was instrumental in enhancing the growth of camelina by increasing the chlorophyll contents and water relation of stressed and non-stressed plants. Similarly, the biochemical, osmoprotectants and antioxidant metabolism was also improved in camelina stressed plants through the application of foliar Si. In conclusion, foliar application of 6 mM Si at vegetative growth stage played a vital role in alleviating the drastic impact of water stress on camelina growth by improving the water status, chlorophyll content, accumulation of phenolics and osmoprotectants and activating antioxidants. Therefore, the foliar application of Si could be developed as an important biologically viable strategy for boosting the tolerance in camelina plants to water stress conditions.Öğe Foliar Application of Phosphorus Enhances Photosynthesis and Biochemical Characteristics of Maize under Drought Stress(Tech Science Press, 2021) Ahmad, Zahoor; Waraich, Ejaz Ahmad; Rehman, Muhammad Zia ur; Ayub, Muhammad Ashar; Usman, Muhammad; Alharby, Hesham; Bamagoos, AtifWater is essential for the growth period of crops; however, water unavailability badly affects the growth and physiological attributes of crops, which considerably reduced the yield and yield components in crops. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar phosphorus (P) on morphological, gas exchange, biochemical traits, and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown under normal as well as water deficit situations at the Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan in 2014. Two different treatments (control and P @ 8 kg ha(-1)) and four hybrids (Hycorn, 31P41, 65625, and 32B33) of maize were tested by using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results showed that the water stress caused a remarkable decline in total soluble protein (9.7%), photosynthetic rate (9.4%) and transpiration rate (13.4%), stomatal conductance (10.2%), and internal CO2 rate (20.4%) comparative to well-watered control. An increase of 37.1%, 36.8%, and 24.5% were recorded for proline, total soluble sugar, and total free amino acid, respectively. However, foliar P application minimized the negative impact of drought by improving plant growth, physio-biochemical attributes, and PUE in maize plants under water stress conditions. Among the hybrids tested, the hybrid 6525 performed better both under stress and non-stress conditions. These outcomes confirmed that the exogenous application of P improved drought stress tolerance by modulating growth, physio-biochemical attributes, and PUE of maize hybrids.Öğe NEMATICIDAL POTENTIAL OF INDIGO GREEN MANURING ON THE INCIDENCE OF ROOT-KNOT DISEASE OF JUTE CAUSED BY NEMATODE (MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA)(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2019) Hossain, Abul Kalam Mohammad Mosharof; Zafor, Abu; Hakim, Abdul; Islam, Jahidul; Alharby, Hesham; Bamagoos, Atif; Barutcular, CelaleddinA pot experiment was carried out during the period of March 2016 to August 2016 in the net house at the Soil Science Field Laboratory, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh to evaluate the nematicidal potencial of indigo green manuring on the root-knot disease caused by nematode (Meloidogyne javanica). In this experiment Jute (Corchorus capsularis) was used as test crop and Indigo (Indigofera tinctoria L.) as green manuring crop. The experiment was laid out with seven treatments having three replications. Green manuring with indigo was found to give significant response in the growth and corresponding reduction in the number of galls in jute inoculated with Meloidogyne javanica. The negative correlations between the galling incidence and the plant height and root length of jute revealed that the indigo green manuring was effective in increasing the growth of the jute by suppressing the nematode activity.Öğe PHENOLOGY, GROWTH AND YIELD ARE STRONGLY INFLUENCED BY HEAT STRESS IN LATE SOWN MUSTARD (BRASSICA SPP.) VARIETIES(Pakistan Botanical Soc, 2020) Bazzaz, Md Mahfuz; Hossain, Akbar; Farooq, Muhammad; Alharby, Hesham; Bamagoos, Atif; Nuruzzaman, Md; Khanum, MahbubaIn rice-based cropping system of northern Bangladesh, mustard planting is delayed due to late harvest of monsoon rice (Transplanted Aman rice; T. Aman rice). The late sown mustard is often exposed to high-temperature stress during the reproductive stage, which causes a significant decrease in seed yield. Most of the farmers plant a low yielding local mustard variety 'Tori-7', which is sensitive to high-temperature stress. The Oil Seeds Research Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute has recently released short duration and high-yielding mustard varieties for the rice-based cropping system of northern Bangladesh to tackle this issue. However, the performance of these varieties in the target cropping system under late sown conditions (together with exposure to heat stress) has not been evaluated yet. Therefore, this two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the performance of newly released mustard varieties 'BARI Sarisha-14' and `BARI Sarisha-15' in comparison with the local check variety 'Tori-7' sown at five planting dates (viz. October 21, November 1, November 10, November 20, and November 30). The delay in sowing shortened time (days) to flowering and maturity, regardless of the variety. Similarly, plant height, branches/plant and total dry matter accumulation of the tested varieties were also reduced upon delay in planting. The greatest seed yield was observed in varieties `BARI Sarisha-15' and `BARI Sarisha-14' when sown on October 21. These two varieties produced fair seed yield when sown at November 20. However, the local variety 'Tori7' yielded the least across all the planting dates. Therefore, the varieties `BARI Sarisha-14' and `BARI Sarisha-15' may be planted in the rice-based cropping system of northern Bangladesh after harvest of T. Aman rice to get maximum seed yield.Öğe TRAFFIC-INDUCED AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS ON PHYSIO-BIOCHEMICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE PLANT EUCALYPTUS CAMULDENSIS(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2019) Celiktasi, Veil; Otte, Hande; Duzenli, Sema; Alharby, Hesham; Bamagoos, Atif; Islam, Mohammad Sohidul; Hossain, AkbarAir pollution in the urban area is a major concern globally, which causes generally by natural or anthropogenic effects. Increased traffic activities cause an increase in the amount of exhaust harmful gases such as CO2 (carbon dioxide), HC (hydrocarbons), and NO (nitrogen oxides) release to the environment; which are responsible for both increases and decreases in rates of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, responsible for vegetation injury, which lead to decrease crop yield. Considering these important aspects, the present study was undertaken to determine the effects of air pollution caused by exhaust emissions of harmful gases on plants. For this purpose, stoma intensities, proline, total soluble sugar and amino acid contents and some heavy metal accumulations were recorded on Eucalyptus camuldensis which were located in different distances (i.e., 0, 10, 30, 50, 70, 90 and 110 meters) from the highway of two cities namely Adana and Tarsus of Turkey. Data on opened stoma intensities, proline content and heavy metal concentrations (such as Zn, Fe, Pb, and Cd) were shown a statistically meaningful decreasing trend when distances from the highway were increased. It was also seen as meaningful increasing on total soluble sugar and amino acid contents. It was also recorded the concentration of soluble sugar and proline in polluted leaves of Eucalyptus camuldensis were significantly increased as compared to plants grown under control condition, indicating that the activation of protective mechanism in plants under air pollution, and the plant may act physiological adjustments to compensate for that air pollution stress.
