Yazar "Alfarraj, Saleh" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Greenhouse gas emission and energy analysis of vetch (Vicia sativa L.) cultivation
    (Elsevier, 2023) Seydosoglu, Seyithan; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Turan, Nizamettin; Alfarraj, Saleh; Albasher, G.
    Background: Agricultural production accounts for a major share of global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). However, the information on energy use and GHG emissions from various crops is contradictory. Climate change is expected to increase the GHG emission from different crops; therefore, selection of the crops with lower GHG emission could be helpful in reducing the emission and energy consumption. A major focus of energy policy should be on improving energy efficiency. Saving money and lowering GHG emissions are only two benefits of using energy efficiently. However, these are unknown for the vetch cultivation in Siirt province of Turkey. Methods: This study investigated energy consumption efficiency and GHG emissions of vetch (Vicia sativa L.) production under dry circumstances in Siirt province, Turkey during 2021. Seed rate was kept 120 kg/ ha in the current study. The amount of fertilizer applied was 92.0 kg/ha pure phosphorus and 36.0 kg/ha pure nitrogen. To calculate the energy efficiency of vetch production in Siirt, energy inputs and energy outputs were computed. Results: The energy intake and output were 8205.02 MJ/ha and 90388.56 MJ/ha, respectively. The energy inputs were: 37.1 % diesel fuel energy, 31.2 % fertilizer energy, 21.2 % seed energy, 9.6 % equipment energy, and 0.9 % labor energy. The results revealed that energy consumption efficiency was 11.02, specific energy was 0.34 MJ/kg, energy efficiency was 2.90 kg/MJ, and net energy was 82183.54 MJ/ha in vetch production. Total GHG emissions from vetch production was 205.19 kgCO2-eq ha-1, with diesel fuel accounting for the lion's share (72.88 %). Diesel fuel was followed by the consumption of nitrogen fertilizer (26.33 %), phosphorous (0.47 %) and machinery (0.42 %). Additionally, GHG ratio was 0.009 kg CO2-eq kg-1 in vetch production. Conclusion: It is concluded that encouraging the farmers to produce vetch as an alternative to the production of conventional forage crops and rotation in fodder production will be beneficial. It will reduce GHG emissions with lesser energy consumption. (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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    Natural enemies feeding on some Centaurea species in the Yuksekova basin
    (Elsevier, 2022) Sirri, Mesut; Ozaslan, Cumali; Sert, Osman; Alfarraj, Saleh
    Background: Excessive and unconscious use of pesticides in agricultural areas negatively affects ecosystem services and biodiversity and threatens human and environmental health. Therefore, natural enemies (biological control agents) that could be utilized to suppress the infestation of diseases, pests and weeds have attracted the attention of scientists globally. There are limited studies on the occurrence of natural enemies on Centaurea species in the Yuksekova basin, Turkey. The Yuksekova basin has a rich floristic diversity; however, remained unexplored and underutilized. Limited use of pesticides, and the presence of natural enemies feeding on weeds in the region have recently attracted the attention of researchers for searching biological control agents. Asteraceae is the dominant family in the region with the highest diversity, causing significant yield losses in agricultural area of the basin. Methods: Therefore, preliminary studies were conducted to determine the natural enemies feeding on the genus Centaurea. The region was divided into 10 x 10 cm systematic grids and occurrence of Centaurea species, and their natural enemies were recorded. Results: The survey identified 10 species belonging to Centaurea genus in the study area. Different insect species, i.e., Lixus pulverulentus Scopoli, Larinus grisescens Gyllenhal and Bangasternus orientalis Capiomont belonging to Curculionidae (Coleoptera) family were observed to feed and spend biological periods on Centaurea behen L., Centaurea pterocaula Trautv. and Centaurea iberica Trev. ex Spreng species. Conclusions: It is estimated that the natural enemies recorded on Centaurea species could be potentially used in biological control of the species on which they were recorded in the current study. However, detailed studies on host specificity and efficacy of the identified insect species are needed. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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    Soil salinity assessment of a natural pasture using remote sensing techniques in central Anatolia, Turkey
    (Public Library Science, 2022) Kilic, Orhan Mete; Budak, Mesut; Gunal, Elif; Acir, Nurullah; Halbac-Cotoara-Zamfir, Rares; Alfarraj, Saleh; Ansari, Mohammad Javed
    Soil salinity is a major land degradation process reducing biological productivity in arid and semi-arid regions. Therefore, its effective monitoring and management is inevitable. Recent developments in remote sensing technology have made it possible to accurately identify and effectively monitor soil salinity. Hence, this study determined salinity levels of surface soils in 2650 ha agricultural and natural pastureland located in an arid region of central Anatolia, Turkey. The relationship between electrical conductivity (EC) values of 145 soil samples and the dataset created using Landsat 5 TM satellite image was investigated. Remote sensing dataset for 23 variables, including visible, near infrared (NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectral ranges, salinity, and vegetation indices were created. The highest correlation between EC values and remote sensing dataset was obtained in SWIR1 band (r = -0.43). Linear regression analysis was used to reveal the relationship between six bands and indices selected from the variables with the highest correlations. Coefficient of determination (R-2 = 0.19) results indicated that models obtained using satellite image did not provide reliable results in determining soil salinity. Microtopography is the major factor affecting spatial distribution of soil salinity and caused heterogeneous distribution of salts on surface soils. Differences in salt content of soils caused heterogeneous distribution of halophytes and led to spectral complexity. The dark colored slickpots in small-scale depressions are common features of sodic soils, which are responsible for spectral complexity. In addition, low spatial resolution of Landsat 5 TM images is another reason decreasing the reliability of models in determining soil salinity.