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Ameliorative effects of astaxanthin against copper(II) ion-induced alteration of pentose phosphate pathway and antioxidant system enzymes in rats
(Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Temel, Yusuf; Bengu, Aydin Sukru; Akkoyun, Hurrem Turan
Copper (Cu) is one of the toxic elements that cause environmental pollution. As a result of excessive accumulation of copper in the organism, it causes damage in various organs and tissues and hemolysis in erythrocytes. Astaxanthin (ATX) is a pigment belonging to the xanthophyll family, which is an oxygenated derivative of carotenoids. Thanks to its powerful antioxidant properties, ATX has an extraordinary potential to protect the organism against various diseases, especially cancer. The main objective of this study was to investigate the toxic effect of copper ions on the glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) enzymes and the role of astaxanthin in reducing this effect. In in vivo study, Wistar Albino male rats (n=28) were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group, copper (Cu2+) group, astaxanthin (ATX) group, and copper + astaxanthin (Cu2++ATX) group. The results show that G6PD enzyme activity in Cu2+ group was strongly inhibited (p < 0.05), while in other groups, there were no significant effects compared to the control group (p > 0.05). 6PGD enzyme activity was significantly reduced in Cu2+ group compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05), and GR enzyme activity was lower in Cu2+ group compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05). Similarly, when GST enzyme activity was evaluated, a strong decrease was observed in the Cu2+ group compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05), while the enzyme activity in the Cu2++ATX group approached the control group (p > 0.05). When TrxR enzyme activity level was examined, a statistically significant decrease was observed in the Cu2+ and Cu2++ATX groups (p < 0.05), and the enzyme activity in the ATX group was found to be close to that in the control group. When in vitro results were evaluated, it was observed that copper ions inhibited G6PD enzyme purified from rat erythrocyte tissues with IC50=1.90 mu M value and Ki = 0.97 mu M +/- 0.082 value and the inhibition was non-competitive. From the results, it can be concluded that Cu2+ ions have an inhibitory effect on rat erythrocyte pentose phosphate pathway and antioxidant system enzymes both in vivo and in vitro, and astaxanthin reduces this effect.
Assessment of the effect of sodium tetraborate on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in lead-induced nephrotoxicity
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Yaman, Turan; Akkoyun, H. Turan; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Karagozoglu, Fatma; Melek, Sule; Keles, Omer Faruk; Bengu, Aydin Sukru
Exposure to Pb, a toxic heavy metal, is a risk factor for renal damage. Borax, an essential trace element in cellular metabolism, is a naturally occurring compound found in many foods. This study investigated the effects of sodium tetraborate (ST), a source of borax, on renal oxidative stress and inflammation in rats exposed to Pb. Wistar Albino rats (n = 24) were divided into four groups: Control (0.5 mL, i.p. isotonic), Pb (50 mg/kg/day/i.p.), ST (4.0 mg/kg/day/oral), and Pb + ST groups. At the end of the five-day experimental period, kidney tissue samples were obtained and analyzed. Histopathologically, the Pb-induced damage observed in the Pb group improved in the Pb + ST group. Immunohistochemically, Pb administration increased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and caspase-3. When evaluated biochemically, Pb application inhibited catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activities and activated superoxide dismutase enzyme activity. An increase in malondialdehyde levels was considered an indicator of damage. ST application increases glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity and decreased malondialdehyde levels. These results indicate that ST might play a protective role against Pb-induced renal damage via the upregulation of renal tissue antioxidants and cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and caspase-3 immunoexpression.
Behavior, antioxidant, and metabolomics effects of Allium tuncelianum
(Wiley, 2024) Abbak, Nigar; Nemutlu, Emirhan; Recber, Tuba; Gul, Asli San Dagli; Akkoyun, H. Turan; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Yilmaz, Gulderen
Allium species are consumed extensively as folkloric medicine and dietary elements, but limited studies have been conducted on them. In this study, the effects of an ethanol-water extract obtained from the underground bulb of Allium tuncelianum (Kollmann) ozhatay, B. Mathew & Siraneci (AT) on the behavioral, antioxidant, and metabolite parameters in rats were evaluated. AT was administered orally once a day at doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg to male Wistar albino rats for 10 consecutive days. The elevated plus maze, rotarod, and hotplate tests were used to examine anxiety-like behaviors, locomotor activities, and pain perception in the rats, respectively. Additionally, untargeted metabolomic analyses were performed on plasma samples and AT extracts using two orthogonal analytical platforms. The phenolic components, mainly fumaric acid, malic acid, vanillic acid, quercetin-3-arabinoside, hydrocinnamic acid, and gallocatechin, were determined in the extract. In addition, arbutin, salicylic acid, trehalose, and nicotinic acid were analyzed in the extract for the first time. The AT extract did not decrease the catalase, glutathione peroxidase, or superoxide dismutase levels; however, diazepam decreased some of those parameters significantly in the brain, liver, and kidney. Although both the AT and diazepam treatments resulted in an increase in anxiolytic-like effects compared to the control group, no significant differences were observed (p > .05). In the metabolomic analysis, significant changes were observed in the rats treated with AT and diazepam, and they caused significant changes in some metabolic pathways, including amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, compared to the control.
Determination of selected vitamin, mineral and trace element content of Laserpitium carduchorum Hedge & Lamond
(Mattioli 1885, 2019) Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu
In our study, selected vitamin (A, E), mineral (K, Mg) and trace element (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn) levels of the Laserpitium carduchorum Hedge & Lamond plant which is endemically grown in Van Lake basin were examined. When the results of the study were evaluated; Vitamin A level of Laserpitium carduchorum Hedge & Lamond plant was found to be 0.61 +/- 0.063 mu g g(-1) and vitamin E level was 0.77 +/- 0.067 mu g g(-1). When the mineral and trace element contents of Laserpitiurn carduchorum Hedge & Lamond were evaluated, K (Potassium) was 868.83 +/- 72.92 mu g g(-1), Mg (Magnesium) 180.77 +/- 18.47 mu g g(-1), Fe (Iron) 11.74 +/- 2.37, Cu (Copper) 9.59 +/- 1.1 Zn (Zinc) 23.69 +/- 2.46 Mn (Manganese) 34.45 +/- 5.35 mu g g(-1). It was detected that the plant was rich in minerals and trace elements such as K (potassium), Mg (Magnesium), Mn (Manganese) and Zn (zinc).
Determination of trace element and fatty acid levels in tissues of mirror and scaly carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) living in Keban Dam Reservoir (Elazig)
(Wiley, 2022) Aydin, Sevinc; Akkoyun, H. Turan; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Bengu, Aydin S.; Ekin, Suat; Harlioglu, Ayse G.
This study investigated the concentrations of some accumulated trace metals (iron, manganese, zinc and copper) and fatty acids in liver and muscle tissues of mirror and scaly carp varieties (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) living in Keban Dam Reservoir (Elazig), which is the second-largest artificial lake in Turkey that hosts commercially valuable and preferred fish varieties for human consumption. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method was used to analyse the concentrations of trace elements. Fatty acid levels were measured in a gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) device, using a flame ionization detector (FID). Considering the two fish varieties and tissues that were studied, the mean metal concentrations (mu g g(-1)) were found in the following ranges: Fe 12.32-49.97, Mn 0.12-0.62, Zn 10.45-86.59 and Cu 2.74-11.86. Although the lowest levels were detected in the muscle tissue for all the metals examined, the levels in the liver tissue were significantly higher. According to the results of the analyses on fatty acid concentrations, the mean total saturated fatty acid levels in the muscle tissue of the scaly carp and mirror carp varieties were found to be 31.07 and 31.43 (%), respectively, whereas these values for the liver tissue were consecutively 22.36 and 22.08 (%). Successively, the mean total levels of unsaturated fatty acids were determined as 68.93 and 68.40 (%) in the muscle tissue and 77.64 and 77.92 in the liver tissue. This study, with the finding that the trace (metallic) element accumulation rates were below the upper limits of the tolerable range, and the examined fish varieties were rich in fatty acids, shows that mirror carp and scaly carp living in Keban Dam Reservoir are highly nutritious for human diets.
EFFECT OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE (CCI4) AND ELLAGIC ACID ON RAT ERYTHROCYTE G6PD, 6PGD, GR, GST AND TrxR ENZYME ACTIVITIES
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2019) Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Akkoyun, H. Turan
In presented study, in vivo effects of the important polyphenol ellagic acid and CCl4 compound known for its toxic effects on metabolic activity levels of some rat erythrocyte enzymes such as G6PD (glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase), 6PGD (6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase), GR (Glutathione reductase), TrxR (Thioredoxin reductase) and GST (Glutathione S-transferase) were investigated. G6PD enzyme activity meaning rised in CCl4 group and ellagic acid+CCI4 group compared to the control group (p<0.001). 6PGD enzyme activity decreased in CCl4 applyed group compared to control group (p<0.05). The enzyme activity level increased in ellagic acid (p<0.05) and CCl4+ellagic acid (p<0.01) applied groups. An increase was observed in ellagic acid (p<0.001) and CCl4+ellagic acid (p<0.001) applied groups compared to CCl4 administered group. GST enzyme activity reduced in CCI4 applied group compared to control group (p<0.01). GR enzyme activity decreased significantly in CCl4 and ellagic acid groups compared to control group (p<0.05 and p<0.01). TrxR enzyme activity decreased in CCl4 group and ellagic acid administered group compared to control group (p<0.001). A decrease in CCI4+ellagic acid group compared to control was also observed (p<0,001).
Effect of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and ellagic acid on rat erythrocyte G6PD, 6PGD, GR, GST and TrxR enzyme activities
(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2019) Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Turan Akkoyun, H.
In presented study, in vivo effects of the important polyphenol ellagic acid and CCl4 compound known for its toxic effects on metabolic activity levels of some rat erythrocyte enzymes such as G6PD (glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase), 6PGD (6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase), GR (Glutathione reductase), TrxR (Thioredoxin reductase) and GST (Glutathione S-transferase) were investigated. G6PD enzyme activity meaning rised in CCl4 group and ellagic acid+CCl4 group compared to the control group (p<0.001). 6PGD enzyme activity decreased in CCl4 applyed group compared to control group (p<0.05). The enzyme activity level increased in ellagic acid (p<0.05) and CCl4+ellagic acid (p<0.01) applied groups. An increase was observed in ellagic acid (p<0.001) and CCl4+ellagic acid (p<0.001) applied groups compared to CCl4 administered group. GST enzyme activity reduced in CCl4 applied group compared to control group (p<0.01). GR enzyme activity decreased significantly in CCl4 and ellagic acid groups compared to control group (p<0.05 and p<0.01). TrxR enzyme activity decreased in CCl4 group and ellagic acid administered group compared to control group (pO.OOl). A decrease in CCl4+ellagic acid group compared to control was also observed (p<0,001). © by PSP.
Effect of Carvacrol on Biochemical and Behavioral Parameters in Acute Floride Administration
(Wiley, 2023) Abbak, Nigar; Gul, Asli San Dagli; Gormus, Mustafa; Akkoyun, Hurrem Turan; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Arihan, Okan
[Abstract Not Available]
Effect of quercetin on selected micro elements in rat liver tissue during carbon tetrachloride exposure
(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2019) Turan Akkoyun, H.; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of carbon tetrachloride and quercetin on selected trace element levels such as Cr (Chromium), Mn (Manganese), Fe (Iron), Cu (Copper) in rats. In the study, 28 male Wistar albino rats (200 ± 300 g) were used. Rats were divided into 4 groups as Control, CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride), Qu (quercetin), Qu + CCl4 (quercetin + carbon tetrachloride) (n=7 in each group). When Cr (ug/g) amount was examined an increase was observed in Qu administered group (p <0.01) compared to the control. It was increased in Qu (p <0.05) and CCl4 + Qu (p <0.001) treated groups compared to CCl4 group. Mn decreased in CCl4 and CCl4 + Qu groups compared to control. Fe (ug/g) content was increased in CCU, CCl4 + Qu and Qu (p<0.01) groups compared to Control. An increase in Qu treated group compared to CCl4 applied group (p<0.05) was observed. The CCl4 + Qu group decreased compared to the Qu group (p<0.01). Cu content of CCl4 and Qu groups showed an increase whereas CCl4 + Qu applied showed a decrease compared to control. As a result; It is thought that quercetin may have an effect on important trace element levels such as Cr (Chromium) Mn (Manganese), Fe (Iron), Cu (Copper) in the case of oxidative stress caused by carbon tetrachloride. © by PSP.
EFFECT OF QUERCETIN ON SELECTED MICRO ELEMENTS IN RAT LIVER TISSUE DURING CARBON TETRACHLORIDE EXPOSURE
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2019) Akkoyun, H. Turan; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of carbon tetrachloride and quercetin on selected trace element levels such as Cr (Chromium), Mn (Manganese), Fe (Iron), Cu (Copper) in rats. In the study, 28 male Wistar albino rats (200 +/- 300 g) were used. Rats were divided into 4 groups as Control, CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride), Qu (quercetin), Qu + CCl4 (quercetin + carbon tetrachloride) (n=7 in each group). When Cr (mu g/g) amount was examined an increase was observed in Qu administered group (p <0.01) compared to the control. It was increased in Qu (p <0,05) and CCl4 + Qu (p <0,001) treated groups compared to CCl4 group. Mn decreased in CCl4 and CCl4 + Qu groups compared to control. Fe (mu g/g) content was increased in CCl4, CCl4 + Qu and Qu (p<0.01) groups compared to Control. An increase in Qu treated group compared to CCl4 applied group (p<0.05) was observed. The CCl4 + Qu group decreased compared to the Qu group (p<0.01). Cu content of CCl4 and Qu groups showed an increase whereas CCl4 + Qu applied showed a decrease compared to control. As a result; It is thought that quercetin may have an effect on important trace element levels such as Cr (Chromium) Mn (Manganese), Fe (Iron), Cu (Copper) in the case of oxidative stress caused by carbon tetrachloride.
Effects of Arbutin on Fatty Acid Levels of Erythrocyte and Serum in Wistar Albino Rats Treated with Potassium Bromate
(Assoc Pharmaceutical Teachers India, 2022) Akkoyun, H. Turan; Aydin, Sevinc; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Bengu, Aydin Sukru; Ekin, Suat; Erdem, Sinem Aslan
Background: In the presented study; the Effects of Arbutin (ARB) on the Rat Erythrocyte and serum fatty acid profile which is exposed to potassium bromate (KBrO3) were investigated. Materials and Methods: In this study, 32 Wistar albino rats weighing 250-300 g were used divided into 4 groups. Groups 1: control, group 2: KBrO3 (single dose 100 mg / kg gavage), group 3: ARB (50 mg / kg / day (ip) for 5 days), group 4: KBrO3 + ARB. At the end of the 5(th) day, alteration of fatty acid profile in erythrocyte and serum of rats in all groups was examined. Results: Rat serum essential fatty acid; palmitic acid (C16:0), myristic acid (C14:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), erythrocyte major fatty acids; palmitic acid (C16:0), myristic acid (C14:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), arachidic acid (C20:0), eicosenoic acid (C20:1), and lignoceric acid (C24:0). In addition, in our studied serum and erythrocytes; Total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) varied between 8.91 +/- 0.53- 11.71 +/- 2.55 and 33.71 +/- 2.12- 37.11 +/- 2.12, respectively. It was determined that total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) varied between 5.90 +/- 1.29- 9.96 +/- 1.18 and 14.72 +/- 3.66- 22.13 +/- 4.82, respectively. Conclusion: In our study, alterations in fatty acid contents were observed, and results suggesting that arbutine affects the enzymes involved in Fatty acid metabolism and has an effect on fatty acid amounts.
Effects of Subacute Carvacrol Administration on Behavioral and Oxidative Stress Parameters During NaF Exposure
(Int Soc Fluoride Research, 2024) Abbak, Nigar; Dagli Gul, Asli San; Gormus, Mustafa; Akkoyun, Hurrem Turan; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Arihan, Okan
Purpose: Fluoride is an element found in the earth's crust thatleachesinto drinking waterfrom sources where the rocks contain fluoride-rich minerals.Excessive fluoride exposure can lead to complications in various tissues and metabolism, particularly affectingdental and skeletal tissuesalongside others. This study aimedto examine the impact of carvacrol (CAR), one of the main active compounds in thyme, on behavior and oxidative stress in sodium fluoride (NaF)exposure.In the current study, the Open Field Test (OFT), Elevated Plus Maze (EPM),and Barnes Maze testswere used to examine anxiety-like behaviors and spatial memory. Methods: Herein, 32 male Balb/C mice were divided into four groups:the Controlgroup, CARgroup:20 mg/kgCARintraperitoneally ( i.p.), NaF group: 50 ppm NaF (in tap water), and NaF+CAR group: 50 ppm NaF (in tap water) + CAR 20 mg/kg i.p. The treatments continued for 14 days. At the end of the protocol, the OFT, EPM test, and Barnes Maze test were conducted. Oxidative stress parameters[superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase (CAT),malondialdehyde (MDA)]were examined in the brain, kidney, and liver tissues. Results: The oxidative stress data indicated significant changes caused by the NaF and CAR. In the liver and kidneys, the enzyme activity values of SOD and CAT decreased significantly in the NaF group compared to the control and CAR groups, while in the brain, the CAT enzyme activity significantly decreased in the NaF group compared to control and CAR groups (p<0.05). Moreover, the levels of MDA, an importantmarker of lipid peroxidation, were significantly higher in the liver and brain tissues of the NaF group compared to the control group (p<0.05).The behavioral study results indicated no significant difference in the EPMtest but showed an increase in the number of rearingbehaviorsin the NaF group compared to the NaF+CAR group in the OFT, and a decrease in the grooming time in the NaF group compared to the CAR group (p<0.05). Conclusions: In the brain, kidney, and liver tissues, NaF exerted oxidative stress,as seen via the examined parameters (CAT, MDA, and SOD), while the CAR seemed to have an ameliorative effect against NaF-induced oxidative stress. The administration of NaF did not induce significant anxiety;on the contrary,the concomitant administration of NaF and CAR causedincreased anxiety-like behaviors compared tothe lone NaF exposure.
In Vivo and in Vitro Regulatory Effect of Silibinin on Some Metabolic Enzyme Activities against Cobalt Induced Toxicity in Rats: A Biochemical Approach
(Amer Chemical Soc, 2023) Temel, Yusuf; Akkoyun, H. Turan; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Karagozoglu, Fatma; Melek, Sule; Bengu, A. Sukru; Erdem, Sinem Aslan
The study aimed to examine the in vivo inhibition effect of cobalt ion and silibinin on metabolic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and their in vitro inhibition effect on 6PGD. Twenty-four Wistar Albino rats weighing approximately 250-300 g were used in the study. The rats were divided into 4 groups as group 1 (control): isotonic serum (0.5 mL i.p), group 2 (cobalt): (150 mg kg/day cobalt), group 3 (silibinin): (100 mg/kg/day silibinin), group 4 (cobalt + silibinin). As a result of the in vivo applications, a statistically significant decrease was observed in the activities of G6PD (p < 0.05), 6PGD (p < 0.05), GR (p < 0.05), and GST (p < 0.05) enzymes in the groups that were administered cobalt compared to the control group. It was also found that the activities of G6PD (p < 0.05), 6PGD (p > 0.05), GR (p > 0.05), and GST (p > 0.05) enzymes increased in groups that were administered cobalt + silibinin compared to the group that was administered cobalt. As for in vitro applications, it was found that different Co2+ ions inhibited 6PGD enzyme which was obtained as a result of purification with IC50 = 346.6 mu M value, while silibinin increased 6PGD enzyme activity within the concentration range of 100-750 mu M by 40%. As a result, it was found that cobalt ions had an inhibition effect on G6PD, GR, and GST enzymes, which are vitally important for living metabolism, in vitro and in vivo and inhibited 6PGD enzyme activity in vitro, and silibinin increased these enzyme activities in vivo and 6PGD enzyme activity both in vivo and in vitro and decreased the inhibition effect.
Investigation of the Effects of Boric Acid on Preventing Lung Damage in the End of the Lower Extremity Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats
(2020) Özcan, H. Cahit; Bengü, Aydın Şükrü; Akkoyun, H.Turan; Ulucan, Aykut; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu
In this study, the biochemical and histopathological changes in the lungs due to lower extremity ischemiareperfusioninjury and protective effect of boric acid to prevent them were investigated. The rats were divided into threegroups as Group 1 (Sham group, n=9), Group 2 (Ischemia-reperfusion group, I/R, n=9) and Group 3 (Ischemiareperfusion,(I/R) + boric acid (BA), n=9). Anaesthesia was applied to the first group of rats without any ischemiareperfusionprocess. Following a two-hour ischemia, two hours of reperfusion, with the help of left lower extremitiestourniquet, were applied to the second group. To the third group, 200 mg/kg (i.p.) boric acid application was performed10 minutes before the ischemia was initiated and two hours of ischemia and two hours of reperfusion application werecarried out. Some antioxidant enzymes in lung tissue (SOD, GSH-Px, CAT) were analyzed. In addition the lung tissuewas evaluated histopathologically. Boric acid application was found to significantly enhance the positive effect of antioxidantenzymes. Normal histological structure was better preserved, some of macrophages were non-activated, and aremarkable reduction of neutrophil infiltration was seen after treatment in boric acid given group.
Investigations of Hg(II) and Pb(II) tolerance, removal and bioaccumulation and their effects on antioxidant enzymes on thermophilic Exiguobacterium profundum
(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2020) Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Ozdemir, Sadin; Kilinc, Ersin; Birhanli, Emre
Hg(II) and Pb(II) tolerance, removal, bioaccumulation and effects on antioxidant enzymes of thermophilic Exiguobacterium profundum were investigated. The results indicated that Hg(II) was more toxic than Pb(II) to E. profundum. E. profundum was also more tolerant in solid medium than in liquid medium for Pb(II) and Hg(II). The bacterial growth was not significantly influenced at 1.0 and 2.5 mg/L Pb(II) and Hg(II) for 24 h. The highest Hg(II) and Pb(II) bioaccumulation amounts were determined as 37.56 and 54.35 mg metal/dried bacteria, respectively. Bioaccumulation capacities of the cell membrane of E. profundum for Hg(II) and Pb(II) were determined. The different concentrations of Pb(II) and Hg(II) enhanced the SOD and CAT enzymes. In addition, variations of the surface macrostructure and the functionality of E. profundum after the interaction with Hg(II) and Pb(II) were investigated by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), respectively. This investigation obviously showed that thermophilic E. profundum can also be applied for removal and recovery of toxic metals from industrial wastewater. Clearly, a further investigation should be utilized by thermophilic microorganisms. According to antioxidant enyzme activities, E. profundum can be also used as a bioindicator for the detection of toxic metal pollution in natural water samples.
Nephroprotective effect of Ferulago angulata flowers on N-nitrosodimethylamine-induced nephrotoxicity in rats and its phytochemical profile
(Wiley, 2019) Ekin, Suat; Kiziltas, Hatice; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Ekin, Hasya Nazli; Yildirim, Serkan; Oto, Gokhan; Akbas, Esvet
The present study was designed to assess the phytochemical content of Ferulago angulata (FA) and possible in vivo nephroprotective effect of FA administration on trace elements, minerals, MDA and GSH in kidney and liver tissue samples, serum vitamin (alpha-tocopherol, retinol, cholecalciferol, phylloquinone), TSA, and LSA in a rat model of DMN-induced nephrotoxicity. In the study, Wistar albino rats were assigned to six groups: Control (0.9% NaCl), (DMN 10 mg/kg), (FA 150 mg/kg), (DMN + FA 150 mg/kg), (FA 300 mg/kg), and (DMN + FA 300 mg/kg). Rats were intraperitoneally given DMN for the first 7 days. Renal injury caused by DMN was proved by the histopathological alterations. The FA (300 mg/kg) treatment significantly normalized Se, Cr, Ca levels in liver and Co level in kidney tissue samples. These observed positive effects are due to the phytochemical content of the plant. The flower extract of FA (300 mg/kg) can be used for the prevention of kidney damage. Practical applications Ferulago angulata flowers are used in traditional medicine for treat kidney and liver digestive system diseases. This species is endemic taxa of the family Apiaceae, which has been used both as food and therapeutics because of their phytochemical composition. In this study, the phenolic characterization of FA flower was used to a new RP-HPLC method, as well as the biological activity of FA flower and possible in vivo nephroprotective effect of FA flowers on trace elements, minerals, MDA and GSH in kidney and liver tissue samples and vitamins, TSA, and LSA in serum samples a rat model of DMN-induced nephrotoxicity. It was found that high level of phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, 2-hydroxycinnamic acid) present in the flower extract of F. angulata has positive effects and antioxidant properties. Due to its phenolic content, FA flower extract could protect for kidney damage and can be used as antioxidants in the food additive and pharmaceutical industry.
Phenolic Contents, Enzyme Inhibitory Activities, and Protective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Rosa Pisiformis Fruits
(Springer, 2024) Ekin, Suat; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Kiziltas, Hatice; Gok, Hasya Nazli; Oto, Gokhan; Akkoyun, Turan; Ozgokce, Fevzi
The present study was designed to assess the phytochemical contents as well as the in vitro biological activities fruit of Rosa pisiformis and possible in vivo cardioprotective and hepatoprotective properties of the aqueous extract of R. pisiformis fruit on trace elements (cadmium, selenium, nickel, zinc, iron, copper, cobalt, chromium, manganese, lead), minerals (sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium), glutathione and malondialdehyde in heart and liver tissue samples, serum vitamin (retinol, cholecalciferol, phylloquinone, alpha-tocopherol), total sialic acid, and lipid-bound sialic acid in a rat model of isoproterenol-induced oxidative damage. In the study, 40 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups of ten each: control, isoproterenol 100 mg/kg bodyweight; isoproterenol 100 mg/kg bodyweight; then R. pisiformis 300 mg/kg bodyweight, and R. pisiformis 300 mg/kg bodyweight. Rats were given isoproterenol twice at an interval of 24 h for two days (on days 28 and 29) subcutaneously. The experimental period was maintained at 30 days. According to analysis results, caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid were found to be the high contents of the fruit extracts at 6.01 +/- 0.0006 and 3.93 +/- 0.007 mg/100 g dry weight. It showed that R. pisiformis (300 mg/kg bodyweight) aqueous extract had a potent action on oxidative damage. The R. pisiformis (300 mg/kg bodyweight) treatment significantly alleviated toward normalcy on the zinc, manganese, cobalt, magnesium, and sodium values in the heart, and zinc and magnesium values in liver tissue samples. These positive effects may be related to the action of p-coumaric acid and caffeic acid present in the R. pisiformis 300 mg/kg and it has hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties that could protect from myocardial damage.
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ASTAXANTHIN AGAINST ALUMINUM INDUCED LIVER OXIDATIVE DAMAGE
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Akkoyun, H. Turan; Bengu, Aydin Sukru; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Ulucan, Aykut; Arihan, Okan
In this study, protective effect of a potent antioxidant astaxanthine on preventing rat liver damage due to Al exposure was evaluated. In experimental design, 20 Wistar-albino rats were divided into four groups as Control, Aluminum (20 mg/kg/day i.p), Al + Astaxanthine (5 mg/kg/day AST orally, Al 20 mg/kg/day i.p) and AST (5 mg/kg/day). Study was conducted for 14 days. GSH was found significantly low in Al group compared to control and significantly high in AST and AST + Al administered groups compared to Al group(p<0.01). When MDA levels were investigated, an increase in Al administered group compared to control (p<0.01) and a decrease in Al + AST group compared to Al administered group (p<0.001) was found. In CAT enzyme activity level, a significant decrease in Al, AST and Al + AST administered groups compared to control (p<0.001), an increase in AST, Al + AST groups compared to Al administered group (p<0.001) and also an increase in CAT enzyme activity level in AST+Al administered group compared to AST group (p<0.001) was determined. Due to alterations in MDA and GSH levels and CAT enzyme activity in rat liver tissue as well as positive effects of AST in liver tissue histopathological assessments, it was concluded that AST has a protective role against such toxic molecules.
Resistance, removal, and bioaccumulation of Ni (II) and Co (II) and their impacts on antioxidant enzymes of Anoxybacillus mongoliensis
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2020) Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Ozdemir, Sadin; Kilinc, Ersin; Birhanli, Emre; Aygun, Aysenur; Sen, Fatih
In this study, it was hypothesis that A. mongoliensis could be used as bioindicator for Ni (II) and Co (II). Thus, Ni (II) and Co (II) resistance, removal, bioaccumulation, and the impacts of them on antioxidant enzyme systems of thermophilic Anoxybacillus mongoliensis were investigated in details. The bioaccumulation of Ni (II) and Co (II) on the cell membrane of thermophilic A. mongoliensis, variations on surface macrostructure and functionality by FT-IR and SEM, and determination of antioxidant enzyme activities were also tested. The highest bioaccumulation values of Co (II) and Ni (II) were detected as 102.0 mg metal/g of dry bacteria at 10 mg/L for the 12th h and 90.4 mg metal/g of dry bacteria for the 24th h, respectively, and the highest Ni (II) and Co (II) cell membrane bioaccumulation capacities of A. mongoliensis were determined as 268.5 and 274.9 mg metal/g wet membrane, respectively at the 24th h. In addition, increasing on SOD and CAT activities were observed on depend of concentration of Ni (II) and Co (II) with respect to control. The antioxidant enzyme activity results also indicated that A. mongoliensis might be used as a bioindicator for Ni (II) and Co (II) pollution in environmental water specimens.
The effect of astaxanthin and cadmium on rat erythrocyte G6PD, 6PGD, GR, and TrxR enzymes activities in vivo and on rat erythrocyte 6PGD enzyme activity in vitro
(Wiley, 2018) Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Bengu, A. Sukru; Temel, Yusuf; Akkoyun, H. Turan; Ekin, Suat; Ciftci, Mehmet
In this study, the effects of astaxanthin (AST) that belongs to carotenoid family and cadmium (Cd), which is an important heavy metal, on rat erythrocyte G6PD, 6PGD, GR, and TrxR enzyme activities in vivo and on rat erythrocyte 6PGD enzyme activity in vitro were studied. In in vitro studies, 6PGD enzyme was purified from rat erythrocytes with 2',5'-ADP Sepharose4B affinity chromatography. Results showed inhibition of enzyme by Cd at IC50; 346.5 mu M value and increase of 6PGD enzyme activity by AST. In vivo studies showed an increase in G6PD, 6PGD. and GR enzyme activities (P > 0.05) and no chance in TrxR enzyme activity by AST. Cd ion inhibited GbPD, 6PGD, and GR enzyme activities (P < 0.05) and also decreased TrxR enzyme activity (P > 0.05). AST + Cd group G6PD enzyme activity was statistically low compared with control group (P < 0.05). 6PGD and TrxR enzyme activities decreased without statistical significance (P > 0.05); however, GR enzyme activity increased statistically significantly (P < 0.05).

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