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    Effects of High-Temperature Stress during Plant Cultivation on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Fruit Nutrient Content
    (Wiley-Hindawi, 2021) Dasgan, Hayriye Yildiz; Dere, Sultan; Akhoundnejad, Yelderem; Arpaci, Bekir Bulent
    Agriculture is among the sectors that will be impacted first and most by the adverse effects of climate change. Therefore, developing new high-temperature tolerant varieties is an essential economic measure in adaptation to near-future climate change. Likewise, there is a growing interest in increasing the antioxidant content of crops to improve food quality and produce crops with high-stress tolerance. Tomato is the most grown and consumed species in horticultural plants; however, it is vulnerable to 35 degrees C and above high temperatures during cultivation. This study used twenty high-temperature tolerant, two susceptible genotypes, and two commercial tomato varieties in the open field. The experiment was applied under control and high-temperature stress conditions based on a randomized block design with 4 replications and 12 plants per repetition. The study investigated the fruit's selected quality properties and antioxidant compounds, namely, total soluble solutes (Brix), titratable acidity, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), lycopene, beta-carotene, and vitamin C, along with total phenols and total flavonoids under control and stress conditions. As a result, in general, total soluble solutes, titratable acidity, total phenol, and vitamin C contents under high-temperature conditions were determined to increase in tolerant tomato genotypes, while decreases were noted for pH, EC, total flavonoids, lycopene, and beta-carotene. However, different specific responses on the basis of genotypes and useful information for breeding studies have been identified. These data on fruit nutrient content and antioxidants will be helpful when breeding tomato varieties to be grown in high-temperature conditions.
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    Screening of High Temperature Tolerant Tomato Genotypes for Their Fruit Mineral Content
    (2018) Dere, Sultan; Daşgan, Hayriye Yıldız; Akhoundnejad, Yelderem; Kafkas, Nesibe Ebru
    Agriculture is at the forefront of the sectors that will be most affected by climate change. It is inevitablethat Turkey is exposed to the negative effects of climate change due to its geographical location. Thedevelopment of new high temperature tolerant varieties is seen as an important economic measure in theadaptation to climate change. In this study, heat temparature tolerant tomato genotypes were investigated fortheir fruit mineral content. For this purpose, twenty tolerant tomatoes from the gene pool of the ÇukurovaUniversity, Department of Horticulture the and two commerical cultivars were grown in the open field conditionsduring 2016 spring and summer periods in Adana, Turkey. Tomato fruits grown under control and hightemperature stresses conditions were analyzed for phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron,manganese, copper and zinc. According to heat stress effects on the tomato fruit mineral content, the macronutrientswere ordered P, K, Ca, Mg from the least affected to the most affected. Moreover, the micro-nutrientswere ordered Cu, Fe and Zn from the least affected to the most affected. In the present study heat tolerant tomatogenotypes showed better performance and their mineral content most cases were higher than mineral content ofthe control trade cultivars.
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    Use of Mycorrhiza to Reduce Mineral Fertilizers in Soilless Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Cultivation
    (Univ Agr Sci & Veterinary Med Cluj-Napoca, 2019) Dere, Sultan; Coban, Ayse; Akhoundnejad, Yelderem; Ozsoy, Suleyman; Dasgan, Hayriye Yildiz
    Intensive use of mineral fertilizers in soilless growing systems can have adverse effects on the environment and human health and could be economically expensive. Aim of this study was whether it can be reduced mineral nutrients in soilless grown melon by using mycorrhizae inoculation. The experiment has been carried out in the early spring growing period in a greenhouse in the Mediterranean climate. The eight treatments have been applied: (1) 100% Full nutrition (control), (2) 100% Full nutrition+mycorrhiza, (3) 80% nutrition, (4) 80% nutrition+mycorrhiza (5) 60% nutrition (6) 60% nutrition+mycorrhiza (7) 40% nutrition, (8) 40% nutrition+mycorrhiza. Effects of mycorrhiza on melon plant growth, yield, fruit quality, and leaf nutrient concentrations were investigated. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization is accompanied by plant growth increases in reduced nutrient levels. The mycorrhiza inoculation had a significant enhancing effect on total yield in soilless grown melon plants. The highest increasing effect on melon yield was observed in the 80% nutrient+mycorrhiza, and AM- inoculated plants produced 49.5% higher melon yield (12.4 kg m(-2)) than that of control plants without mycorrhizae (8.3 k gm(-2)). AM-inoculation was also able to establish an improvement in Brix and EC of melon fruit. In the nutrient contents of leaves, there were slight increases in AM-inoculated plants, except P. The P content was significantly increased in AM-inoculated 80% nutrient plants as comparison to that of its control.