Yazar "AYDIN, Mehmet Hadi" seçeneğine göre listele

Listeleniyor 1 - 6 / 6
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Bitki Fungal Hastalıklarıyla Biyolojik Savaşta Trichoderma’lar
    (2019-08-05) AYDIN, Mehmet Hadi
    Chemical pectisides used in agricultural cause both environmental pollution and pectiside residues. So there is a necessity of alternative methods in the struggle against plant diseases. Biological control has been developed as an alternative to chemical control and used increasingly in recent years. Trichoderma is known as the most widely used antagonists in biological control and has almost all the land and natural habitats in nature especially in areas containing organic substance. The advantages for the associated plant include the suppression of pathogens by using a variety of mechanisms (i.e., antibiosis, parasitism, competition for nutrients, etc.), the promotion of plant growth and the improvement of host resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, scientists have made most research on this topic and developed many commercial products to be applied against plant pathogens. In this article, It is highlighted the importance of Trichoderma against plant diseases and how to use mechanisms of action. Also some scientific article reviewed both in Turkey and in the World and given some example related to this topic.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Çiçek Soğanlı Bitkilerden İzole Edilmiş Fusarium oxysporum İzolatlarına Karşı Gliocladium roseum'un Etkinliği.
    (EJONS VI. uluslararası Matematik, Mühendislik, Fen ve Sağlık Bilimleri Kongresi., 2019-03-08) AYDIN, Mehmet Hadi
    The development and conservation of bulbs ornamental plants is important for both flora and economic activities. One of the most important plants is Tulip (Tulipa L.). Many of these plants are threatened by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht, which a soil and tuber fungus. It is difficult to control after pathogen contaminate to tubers and plants. However, it is necessary to evaluate all methods of control, including biological control. Today, many biological control agents are used to control plant disease. Among these, Gliocladium spp.de is considered important. Gliocladium roseum is a filamentous fungus commonly found in soil and rotting plant residues. In general it is considered a saprophyte and produces various antibiotic substances, other fungi parasites, also stimulate plant growth. This study was carried out to determine the antagonist effect of Gliocladium roseum against Fusarium oxysporum in laboratory conditions. Fusarium oxysporum and Gliocladium roseum (Gr1, Gr2 and Gr3) isolates used in this study were obtained from tubers, plant roots and the soil. After the pathogenicity, three isolates of the Fusarium oxysporum were selected (Fo1, Fo2 and Fo3). The experiment was carried out in petri dishes containing a PDA (Potato dextrose agar) with 9 cm diameter. the pathogen and antagonist cultures developed for one week then Discs of 5 mm diameter were removed and left in the PDA medium by keeping them mutual and same distance. The growth diameters of antagonists and pathogens were measured after developing for 10 days at 22 ± 24 ° C in the incubator and the inhibition rate was calculated acording to this formula, (RI) = (R1-R2) x 100 / R1 (RI: inhibition ratio, R1: Growth radius of the pathogen, R2: It was calculated by the growth radius of the pathogen antagonist direction). As a result of the evaluation, Gliocladium roseum isolates prevented Fusarium oxysporum isolates in different ratios between 55.8-76.4 %.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    COMPARATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SOME COMMERCIAL POTATO CULTIVARS TO FUSARIUM SAMBUCINUM AND F. SOLANI ISOLATES CAUSING TUBER DRY ROT
    (APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, 2018-07-17) AYDIN, Mehmet Hadi; inal, Behcet
    Fusarium dry rot is one of the most important diseases of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), affecting the tubers in storage and the seed pieces after planting. Fusarium sambucinum and F. solani are common pathogens causing dry rot of stored tubers in temperate areas. In this study, infection of F. sambucinum and F. solani on tissue discs prepared from tubers of potato varieties that are susceptible or moderately resistant to this disease was studied. Tubers were wounded, inoculated, incubated at 15-20 °C for 5 weeks and the size of the rot was assessed. All isolates were found pathogenic to potato tubers and differed in pathogenicity. Obtained results revealed that Fusarium isolates showed variable aggressivity upon the 17 tested potato cultivars. Furthermore, no cultivars were found to be completely resistant to the whole Fusarium isolates, and only one cultivar showed a lesser susceptibility to pathogen. This cultivar was Broke®. Moreover, F. sambucinum isolates were detected as more aggressive pathogens than F. solani in all cultivars. Additionally, one out of three isolates of F. sambucinum was more aggressive than the others. All isolates used in this study were identified both based on colony and conodial morphology and also confirmed by molecular methods.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Efficacy of Gliocladium roseum against dry rot of potato caused by Fusarium sambucinum
    (The 4rd International Symposium on EuroAsian Biodiversity, 2018-07-03) AYDIN, Mehmet Hadi
    Aim of the study: Fusarium dry rot of potato is a major disease and caused by several Fusarium species with Fusarium sambucinum Fuckel being the most aggressive species in worlwide, including Turkey. Several fungal biocontrol agents have been used for achieving plant disease control, amongst them Gliocladium group has been found effective against tuber pathogens. Gliocladium roseum, a filamentous fungus which is widely distributed in soil and decaying vegetation. It is commonly considered a contaminant and has never been found to be a pathogen in animals or humans. It has ecologically relevant not only in the protection of plants against pathogens, producing a wide range of antibiotic substances and parasitizing other fungi, but also in the stimulation of plant growth. Moreover, these species of fungi can grow on cellulose and produce hydrocarbon and derivatives that look much like diesel. Aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of G. roseum against Fusarium sambucinum caused dry rot of potato. Material and Methods: This study was carried out in two phases: In vitro and In vivo conditions. In first phase, the effect of Gliocadium roseum was studied against three isolates of F. sambucinum (Fs2, Fs3 and Fs4) in vitro conditions in PDA medium by dual culture technique and incubation at 22 ± 24ºC. In the second phase, Potato tubers, CV. Desire were wounded and inoculated with 500 µl of Gliocladium roseum suspensions (107 spores mL-1), 24 h prior inoculation by F. sambucinum and reductioa rate of dry rot in tubers recorded 5-6 weeks incubation at 20-24 ºC in comparison with control treatments. Parameters of dry rot caused maximal width (w), depths (d) were noted, and tubers were calculated by applying the following formula (Lapwood et al. 1984). Penetration (mm): [w/2 + (d-6)]/2.Results: In vitro results showed that G. roseum was moderate mycoparasitism when compared to other antagonist microorganisms, G. roseum growth slowly on the colony of pathogen. But it had been found that G. roseum was very strong to penetre and coiling on pathogen. In vivo results showed that tuber dry rot was reduced by G. roseum with different rates. Penetration measure for F. sambucinum Fs2, Fs3 and Fs4 was 9,58, 8,66 and 14,50 respectively. When compared to treated control (+), F. sambucinum (Fs2, Fs3 and Fs4) isolates were inhibited by G.roseum with the rate of 50,08 %, 56,82 % and 39,10 % respectively.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Efficacy of Some Trichoderma Species Against White Rot of Garlic Caused by Sclerotium cepivorum
    (I.International Agricultural Science Congress, 2018-05-09) AYDIN, Mehmet Hadi
    White rot disease caused by Sclerotium cepivorum is a major yield reducing fungal disease of Allium sp. found throughout the world, including Europe, Asia, Africa, America, Australia, New Zealand and Turkey. Control measure for this disease is costly and contaminates the environment, harms non-target organisms. Moreover, the pathogen is soilborne and produces abundant sclerotia which can remain dormant for more than 15-20 years. Because of this, chemical control strategy is not quite effective against the disease. So there is a necessity of alternative methods in the struggle against plant diseases. Trichoderma is known as the most widely used antagonists in biological control. The effect of some Trichoderma species (Trichoderma harzianum, T. virens, T. croceum, T. neokoningii, T. viride, T. spirale, T. atroviride, T. tomentosum, T. gamsii, T. asperellum, T. inhamatum, T. strigosum) were studied both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Trichoderma species and Sclerotium cepivorum placed in PDA medium by duel culture techniques and incubated at 22 ± 240C. Results showed that the most effective isolates were T. harzianum LO52, T. virens KB31, T. gamsii VG47, T. strigosum LO43, T.tomentosum VG2, T. asperellum TZ17 and T. viride VG18, respectively. The experiment was conduct with selected Trichoderma isolates and S. cepivorum as a pot study in greenhouse. The design of the experiment was completely randomised. There were 9 treatments with four replicates. Results showed that almost all Trichoderma isolates caused in different rates reductions (21.42 to 64.28 %) in the incidence of garlic white rot disease.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    İklimsel Değişikliklerin Siirt İlinde Fıstık (Pistacia Vera L.) Üretimi Üzerine Etkisi.
    (ISPEC Uluslararası Tarım ve Kırsal Kalkınma Kongresi, 2019-06-10) AYDIN, Mehmet Hadi
    Due to its specific climatic requirements of pistachio can be cultivated in specific regions across the world. Iran is the world’s largest pistachio producer followed by the United States of America and Turkey. Pistachio production in Turkey is mostly carried out in the South-Eastern Anatolia region of the country. The total number of Pistachio trees in Turkey are 59.762.816 million and production is 170.000 tons. 10 % of Turkey's pistachio tree and 8,5 % of production are in Siirt province. After the Southeastern Anatolia Plain, Siirt region is rising and the eastern and northern sections receive plenty of rainfall. For this reason, the South Mountains of Muş from the north and the provincial area surrounded by the Eastern Mountains of Siirt in the east constitute one of the important water collection areas of the Tigris River. The entire territory of the province is included in the Tigris Basin.The basin is the fourth largest water collection area in the country after the Euphrates, Kızılırmak and Sakarya Basins. The most important water resources of the region are Botan, Resinan, Garzan, Kezer and Başur. Large water collection areas, such as the Ilisu dam, which is under construction on these water sources, will have significant impacts on the ecology of the region. Pistachio, is the most important economic product grown in the region of Siirt. It is thought that Pistachio cultivation will be affected by this ecological change. It is possible that Pistachio cannot meet the need for coldening as a result of the increase in the relative humidity of the weather in the spring and summer periods, inadequate fertilization during pollination periods with moist air or diseases like septoria are likely to cause epidemics. As a result, in this study, the possible effects of climatic changes in Siirt region on Pistachio growing are emphasized.