Wasaya, AllahYasir, Tauqeer AhmadSarwar, NaeemAtique-ur-RehmanMubeen, KhuramRajendran, KarthikaHadifa, Adel2024-12-242024-12-242022978-981164955-4978-981164954-7https://doi.org10.1007/978-981-16-4955-4_2https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12604/4121Rice is a first- or second-order staple food in many countries. It is mainly produced and consumed in Asia. There are so many causes of low yield of rice crops in the world. However, abiotic and biotic stresses are major factors for reducing rice yield and quality. The stresses’ share in reducing rice yield across various regions varies greatly. So, in order to adapt to and mitigate climate change, both short-term and long-term approaches are needed for ensuring food security at regional and global levels. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessAbioticBioticClimate changeRiceStressesBook Chapter1326N/A2-s2.0-8514100034610.1007/978-981-16-4955-4_2