Regulation of STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways by trans-Anethole in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury and its gonadoprotective effect

Seker, UgurGökçe, YasinKati, BulentYuksel, MeralGuzel, Baris CanShokoohi, Majid2024-12-242024-12-2420241698-031Xhttps://doi.org10.22514/j.androl.2024.015https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12604/3782Testicular ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is a significant urological problem where clinical interventions may be inadequate, and the antioxidants might be potential co-treatment modalities. This study examined the gonadoprotective effect of trans-Anethole in testicular I/R injury. Twenty-eight male rats were divided into four groups. Rats in the I/R, I/R + t100, I/R + t200 groups underwent bilateral testicular I/R injury. The I/R + t100 and I/R + t200 groups received 100 or 200 mg/kg trans-Anethole at the 2nd hour of ischemia. Microscopic evaluations demonstrated that testicular I/R injury leads to severe testicular degeneration. Tissue oxidative stress, pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 associated X (Bax) and Caspase 3, pro-inflammatory Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1?) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) cytokines levels were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated when compared to the Control group. Additionally, transcription factors Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-?B) levels increased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the Control group. Tissue disrupted parameters in the I/R + t200 group were significantly different (p < 0.05) from the I/R group, contrasting with the slight improvement in the I/R + t100 group. The STAT3 and NF-?B expression levels in the I/R + t200 group were significantly suppressed (p < 0.05) compared to the I/R group. In conclusion, our study indicates that trans-Anethole could enhance gonadoprotective activity in testicular I/R injury, potentially involving transcription factors STAT3 and NF-?B. However, before the consumption of trans-Anethole-containing natural or manufactured goods, the potential benefits and side effects should be carefully evaluated. © 2024 The Author(s).eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessApoptosisInflammationIschemia reperfusion injuryTestistrans-AnetholeRegulation of STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways by trans-Anethole in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury and its gonadoprotective effectRegulación de las vías de señalización de STAT3 y NF-?B por trans-Anetol en la lesión por isquemia-reperfusión testicular y su efecto gonadoprotectorArticle2235767Q4Q32-s2.0-852061232823939475010.22514/j.androl.2024.015