Kara, Muhammet AliAl-Jaf, Hardi Ahmed Karim2019-11-282019-11-2820172017-09-16https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12604/1985This study conducted at the Poultry field of Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sulaimany to investigate the Impact of Enzymes Supplementation on Performance of Broiler Chickens Fed on Diets Containing Corn and Wheat. Bird naturally output enzymes for digesting nutrients. However, bird does not have enzymes to moulder fiber perfectly and that enzymes secretion by salivary glands is very limited, especially to digesting high ratio of starch. So we need to add enzymes (α- Amylase and Xylanase) in the feed to aid digestion. The influence of enzyme supplementation on performance and digestibility in broiler chicks was examined for the diet containing corn and wheat with different levels of enzyme, While the diet containing corn and wheat, And adding enzymes to the diet of broiler chickens resulted Significant (P≤0.05) increases in live body weight, weight gain, feed conversion and carcass weight, The best results for the traits included in this study were recorded by supplementing diet of broiler chickens with enzymes at the level of 0.04 % (T3, T6, and T9). The experiment was conducted during the period from March 7th, 2017 to April 17th, 2017 by using 378 Ross 308 broiler chicks, one-day-old. Chicks were allocated to nine treatments of three replicates per group; each group constitutes 14 chicks, 42 chicks pertreatment group.ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ........................................................................................... III LIST OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................. IV LIST OF TABLE .......................................................................................................... VI LIST OF FIGURE ...................................................................................................... VII LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................... VIII ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... IX 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1 2. LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................... 3 2.1. Corn and Wheat Quality ........................................................................................ 3 2.1.1. Corn classification .......................................................................................... 3 2.1.2. Corn composition ............................................................................................ 3 2.1.3. Wheat classification ........................................................................................ 5 2.1.4. Wheat composition .......................................................................................... 6 2.2. Corn and Wheat in Poultry Diets ........................................................................... 7 2.3. Enzymes ................................................................................................................. 8 2.4. Enzymes in poultry diet ......................................................................................... 9 2.5. Kind of Enzymesin the Poultry Diet .................................................................... 10 2.5.1. Alpha amylase ............................................................................................... 10 2.5.2. Xylanase ........................................................................................................ 11 2.6. Benefits of Enzymes ............................................................................................ 12 2.7. Factors Affecting the Benefits of Enzyme ........................................................... 12 2.8. Effect of Enzymes on Body Weight .................................................................... 13 2.9. Effect of Enzymes on Weight Gain ..................................................................... 13 2.10. Effect of Enzymes on Feed Intake ..................................................................... 14 2.11. Effect of Enzymes on Feed Conversion Ratio ................................................... 14 2.12. Effect of Enzymes on Carcasses ........................................................................ 15 3. MATERIAL AND METHODS ............................................................................... 17 3.1. Preparation of the Experimental Field ................................................................. 17 3.2. Experimental Protocol and Layout ...................................................................... 18 3.3. Diets of experimental birds .................................................................................. 19 3.4. Using Enzymes in Diet ........................................................................................ 20 3.5. Feeding and Drinking .......................................................................................... 21 3.6. Litter Management ............................................................................................... 22 3.7. Multivitamin Supplementation ............................................................................ 23 3.8. Vaccination .......................................................................................................... 23 3.9. Studied Characteristics ........................................................................................ 24 3.9.1. Live body weight .......................................................................................... 24 3.9.2. Weight gain ................................................................................................... 24 V 3.9.3. Feed intake .................................................................................................... 24 2.9.4. Feed conversion ratio .................................................................................... 24 3.9.5. Mortality percentage ..................................................................................... 25 3.9.6. Carcass traits ................................................................................................. 25 3.10. Statistical Analysis ......................................................................................... 25 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ............................................................................... 27 4.1. Effect of Enzymes on Body Weight, Weight Gain, Feed Intake and Feed Conversion Ratio From 1-42 Day-Old ....................................................................... 27 3.2. Effect of Enzymes on Mortality ........................................................................... 28 4.3. Effect of enzymes on carcass ............................................................................... 29 4.4. Effect of enzymes on body weight ...................................................................... 30 4.5. Effect of Enzymes on Weight Gain ..................................................................... 33 4.6. Effect of enzymes on feed intake ......................................................................... 35 4.7. Effect of Enzymes on Feed Conversion Ratio ..................................................... 37 5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ...................................................... 39 5.1. Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 39 5.2. Recommendation ................................................................................................. 39 6. REFERENCES .......................................................................................................... 41 CURRICULUM VITAE............................................................................................... 53eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessBroiler, α-amylase, xylanase, corn, wheat, performanceMaster Thesis476106