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  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Facile oxygen-enriched hierarchical porous carbon particles based on biomass wastes for improving the adsorption of malachite green from aqueous solutions
    (Elsevier, 2025) Genel, Yasar; Genel, Ilyas; Saka, Cafer
    The abundance of active groups and the surface areas of adsorbents used for the removal of contaminants such as dyes are very important for the effective adsorption process. For this purpose, the high surface area-activated carbon was obtained by activation of agricultural waste chestnut shells as carbon precursor(CSAC) with sodium hydroxide in the first stage of this study. In the second stage, the doping of oxygen atoms with nitric acid was carried out to further improve the surface properties of this activated carbon (O-doped CSAC). The obtained oxygen-rich activated carbon sample was used as an adsorbent to remove a cationic dye malachite green (MG). EDS, SEM, XRD, FTIR and nitrogen adsorption analyses were used for the characterisation of these activated carbon samples. FTIR, elemental analysis and EDS analyses showed a significant increase in the amount of oxygen groups on the surface. The BET surface area obtained for CSAC had a high surface area of 1548 m(2)/g. Kinetic, thermodynamic and isotherm parameters for the adsorption of MG with O-doped CSAC were determined. The qe values obtained for MG adsorption with O-doped CSAC showed an adsorption efficiency of about 90 %. An adsorption capacity of 284.6 mg g(-1) was obtained at 298 K with the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption mechanism of MG with O-doped CSAC was also investigated.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Facile synthesis of mesoporous activated carbons based on ash tree for methylene blue adsorption: Mechanism, kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2023) Genel, Yasar; Genel, Ilyas; Saka, Cafer
    Activated carbons(AC) were synthesized as a result of chemical activation with ZnCl2, NaOH, H3PO4, and H3BO3 from the ash tree(AH), which is abundant in Turkey and the world. It was investigated that the obtained ACs could be used as effective adsorbents for the removal of methylene blue(MB) from the aqueous solution. SEM, EDX, BET, FTIR, and CHNS elemental analyses were used for the characterization of raw and ACs. The results show that carbonaceous materials contain both mesoporous and active functional groups. The maximum adsorption capacities obtained as a result of chemical activation of ZnCl2 (AH-ZnCl2) and NaOH (AH-NaOH) with the best surface area values were determined as 334 mg g(-1) and 364 mg g(-1), respectively. The adsorption mechanism was evaluated with pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. It can be concluded that ACs prepared from ash wood are quite ideal when compared with different adsorbents in the literature for removing methylene blue from aqueous solutions.